$+" $!" Understanding the relationship between low frequency variations in large-scale $#" atmospheric circulation driven by the oceans and high latitude hydro-climatic variability $$" at regional scales is important to assess the projections of climate change in these regions, $%" and for designing measures for climate change adaptation. Here we analyze the recent $&" (1978-2004) variability i...

Atmospheric concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a group of industrial chemicals widely used as flame retardants were measured over the Indian Ocean and represent the first comprehensive data of atmospheric contaminations of PBDEs over the open ocean. Air back trajectory analysis shows that PBDEs have great potential for long-range atmospheric transport to remote regions of...

While instrumental and proxy-based climate records describe significant decadal-scale climate variability throughout the tropical Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans, the processes responsible for these variations and their interactions are not readily apparent from the observations. A new 112-yr coral-based sea surface temperature (SST) reconstruction from Palmyra Island in the central tropic...

[1] We explore the predictability of the sea surface temperature anomalies associated with the Indian Ocean Dipole/Zonal Mode (IODZM) at a three-season lead, within the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) coupled general circulation model (CGCM). In both control simulations and retrospective forecasts of the 1990’s in the CGCM, we find that the occurrence of some IODZM events is precon...

On 1st April 2010, the British Government announced designation of the British Indian Ocean Territory--or Chagos Archipelago--as the world's largest marine protected area (MPA). This near pristine ocean ecosystem now represents 16% of the worlds fully protected coral reef, 60% of the world's no-take protected areas and an uncontaminated reference site for ecological studies. In addition these g...

Malaria resurgence in African highlands in the 1990s has raised questions about the underlying drivers of the increase in disease incidence including the role of El-Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). However, climatic anomalies other than the ENSO are clearly associated with malaria outbreaks in the highlands. Here we show that the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), a coupled ocean-atmosphere interactio...

The current study aims to understand the speciation and fate of Cu complexes in hydrothermally altered sediments from the Central Indian Ocean Basin and assess the probable impacts of deep-sea mining on speciation of Cu complexes and assess the Cu flux from this sediment to the water column in this area. This study suggests that most of the Cu was strongly associated with different binding site...