Redundancy is de ned as the excess of the code length over the optimal (ideal) code length. We study the average redundancy of an idealized arithmetic coding (for memoryless sources with unknown distributions) in which the Krichevsky and Tro mov estimator is followed by the Shannon{Fano code. We shall ignore here important practical implementation issues such as nite precisions and nite bu er s...

Most of the previous research on term weighting for information retrieval has focused on developing specialized parametric term weighting functions. Examples include TF.IDF vector-space formulations, BM25, and language modeling weighting. Each of these term weighting functions takes on a specific parametric form. While these weighting functions have proven to be highly effective, they impose st...

This paper is a principal idea of case-based reasoning to feature weighting. The feature weighting method called CaDFeW (CAse-based Dynamic FEature Weighting) stores classification performance of randomly generated feature weight vectors. Also it retrieve similar feature weighting success story from the feature weighting case base and then designs a better feature weight vector dynamically for ...

Figure 1 shows the comparison of a general normal based weighting function and the proposed weighting function. They are rendered with voxel cone tracing [Crassin et al. 2011] and spatio-temporal upsampling [Herzog et al. 2010]. The scene has a dynamic object (a galloping horse). In this experiment, the normal based weighting function has a Gaussian distribution [Yang et al. 2008] and its varia...

an erosion hazard index methodology (ehim) was developed for assessing stream erosion. the index of stream erosion is designed as a management tool. assessing stream erosion involves consideration of a range of aspects of streams and a value judgment about a desirable state. the assessment of the erosion indicators of streams was based on a state-wide assessment of physical stream condition. a ...

Information explosion on the internet popularly known as the web has led to a phenomenon of the user unable to find the information relevant to him or her. There is plethora of information available and thousands of pages are being added everyday. Hence more and more information is available on each and every subject. Hence, it has become increasing difficult for users to remain up to date on o...

PURPOSE To develop a set of conversion factors from dose length product (DLP) to effective dose (E) for pediatric and adult reference individuals undergoing computed tomography (CT) examinations. METHODS This study used 12 hybrid computational phantoms representing reference pediatric and adult individuals in compliance with the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) refer...

Purpose This research paper aim at providing a new approach of calculating the destinations competitiveness index. How can these variables been aggregated in other to reflect realities very distinct productive environments? We assume that: The weighting provides better measure competitiveness. Base on Neo-Technological theory, after life cycle differentiation, we used panel data calculate weigh...