Simulation of total ionizing dose effects in field isolation of FET technologies requires transport mechanisms in the oxide to be considered. In this work, carrier transport and trapping in thick oxides using the finite elements method in the Synopsys Sentaurus platform are systematically simulated. Carriers are generated in the oxide and are transported out through a direct contact with the ga...

The main feature of the proposed model implemented by a computer package WODA, that distinguishes it from other commonly used models like QUALE 2E or WASP5, is a possibility of its automatic calibration i e parameter estimation taking into account simultaneously several sets of measured concentration data. Model WODA, developed by A. Kraszewski and R. Soncini-Sessa, enables fitting simulated va...

The β-barrel assembly machinery (BAM) complex of Escherichia coli is a multiprotein machine that catalyzes the essential process of assembling outer membrane proteins. The BAM complex consists of five proteins: one membrane protein, BamA, and four lipoproteins, BamB, BamC, BamD, and BamE. Here, we report the first crystal structure of a Bam lipoprotein complex: the essential lipoprotein BamD in...

We present terahertz (THz) detectors based on top-gated graphene field effect transistors (GFETs) with integrated split bow-tie antennas. The GFETs were fabricated using graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The THz detectors are capable of room-temperature rectification of a 0.6 THz signal and achieve a maximum optical responsivity better than 14 V/W and minimum optical noise-equi...

A protocol is proposed to address the problem of user authentication to smartcards using devices that are currently inexpensive. The protocol emulates expensive Match On Card (MOC) smartcards, which can compute a biometric match, by cheap Template on Card (TOC) smartcards, which only store a biometric template. The actual match is delegated to an extension of the cryptographic module running on...

Aerobic treatment has many advantages including: 1) minimum odor when properly loaded and maintained; 2) large biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removals providing a good quality effluent; 3) high rate treatment allowing smaller scale systems, e.g., less land required; 4) the final discharge may contain dissolved oxygen which reduces the immediate oxygen demand on a receiving water; and 5) the ae...

Membrane aerated biofilms (MABs) are an emerging technology for wastewater treatment. Several bench scale and pilot scale studies have help to highlight the benefits of this technology. This paper will discuss experiments that examined the impact of oxygen gradients and the impact of BOD gradients on the performance of MABs, and discusses how an MAB compares to a conventional biofilm.

We demonstrate an integrated module of self-powered ferroelectric transistor memory based on the combination of a ferroelectric FET and a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The novel TENG was made of a self-assembled polystyrene nanosphere array and a poly(vinylidene fluoride) porous film. Owing to this unique structure, it exhibits an outstanding performance with an output voltage as high as ...

Silicon nanowire field effect transistors (SiNW-FETs) have shown great promise as biosensors in highly sensitive, selective, real-time and label-free measurements. While applications of SiNW-FETs for detection of biological species have been described in several publications, less attention has been devoted to summarize the conjugating methods involved in linking organic bio-receptors with the ...

T cell education in the thymus is critical for establishing a functional, yet self-tolerant, T cell repertoire. Negative selection is a key process in enforcing self-tolerance. There are many questions that surround the mechanism of negative selection, but it is currently held that apoptosis initiated by Bim and/or Nur77 is critical for negative selection. Recent studies, however, have question...