Individual lodgepole pines (Pinus contorta) were fertilized with urea at nitrogen (N) inputs equivalent to 0, 315, or 630 kg/ha. Four months after application of the fertilizer, inner bark tissue N concentrations were significantly higher in the trees that had received the low dose (315 kg/ha) fertilization treatment than in the control trees; trees that had received the high-dose treatment (63...

A minimum spanning tree of an undirected graph can be easily obtained using classical algorithms by Prim or Kruskal. A number of algorithms have been proposed to enumerate all spanning trees of an undirected graph. Good time and space complexities are the major concerns of these algorithms. Most algorithms generate spanning trees using some fundamental cut or circuit. In the generation process,...

Background: This study investigated the effects of some important meteorological parameters and filler type compounds on phytotoxicity of captan in peach trees in the north of Iran. Captan is a phthalimide fungicide which has frequently been used in northern regions of Iran to control certain plant diseases. This fungicide has caused intense phytotoxicity in peach trees which was first observ...

We give an explicit construction of the increasing tree-valued process introduced by Abraham and Delmas using a random point process of trees and a grafting procedure. This random point process will be used in companion papers to study record processes on Lévy trees. We use the Poissonian structure of the jumps of the increasing tree-valued process to describe its behavior at the first time the...

Trees like binary-space-partitioning trees, kd-trees, principal axis trees and random projection trees are used to answer the question ”which tree to use for nearest-neighbor search?.” This paper deals with the influence of the vector quantization performance of the trees on the search performance and the margins of the partitions in these trees. Theoretical results show that both factors have ...

Trees are defined as connected graphs without cycles, and their properties are basics of graph theory. A tree on n nodes labeled 1, 2,..., n is a recursive tree if the node labeled 1 is distinguished as the root, and for each 2 ≤ k ≤ n, the labels of the nodes in the unique path from the root to the node labeled k form an increasing sequence [6]. Bucket trees are a generalization of the ordinar...

Global change challenges forest adaptability at the distributional limit of species. We studied ring-porous Quercus canariensis Willd. xylem traits to analyze how they adjust to spatio-temporal variability in climate. Trees were sampled along altitudinal transects, and annual time series of radial growth (ring width (RW)) and several earlywood vessel (EV) traits were built to analyze their rela...

The olive species (Olea europaea L.) is an ancient traditional crop grown under rainfed conditions in the Mediterranean Basin. In response to growing national and international demand for oil, cultivars are introduced into highly arid new bioclimatic areas. Subsequently, morpho-physiology phytochemistry of trees potentially changing among cultivar types geographical conditions. present work, we...

Existing plant types of rubber tree after planting and available tapping tree were investigated, and there were about 28 rubber plantations with different tapping years of 8 varieties “CATAS7-33-97”, “CATAS8-79”, “CATAS7-20-59”, “PR107”, “RRIM600”, “GT1”, “INA873”, “93-114” in South China. The results showed that there were six kinds of existing plant types of rubber tree after planting of rubb...