Background: Imposing taxes on tobacco has been identified as one of the most effective methods of reducing tobacco use. Vietnam's tax structure, which sets different rates based on type of cigarette, has implications for the level of cigarette prices, economic burden of smoking, effect on tobacco use, and effect on tax revenues. Methods: Using data from the large scale Vietnam Living Standard S...

Hotel demand in large urban markets does respond to changes in income, but that demand is relatively inelastic, according to an analysis of 22 top metropolitan areas in the United States. The analysis, made possible through Smith Travel Research, examined room-night demand for 480 individual hotels from 1989 through 2000 and compared that demand to a set of economic measures, including gross do...

background: despite the enhancement in health outcomes worldwide, health inequity and inequality is one of the most relevant topics both for health policy and public health. this research was designed to decompose the health inequality of people living in shiraz, south-west iran. methods: data were obtained from a multistage-sample survey conducted in shiraz from april to may 2012, to find dete...

This study aims to determine the change in consumption patterns of Jordanian household during 1997–2017, as well estimate income elasticities. The data from expenditure and surveys conducted by Department Statistics years: 1997, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2013, 2017 were used. Graphs prepared percentages calculated measure changes patterns. average index was used impact on changing (Selim, 2014). To ela...

Ethnic and racial disparities in mental health are driven by social factors such as housing, education, and income. Many of these social factors are different for minorities than they are for whites. Policies that address gaps in these social factors therefore can address mental health status disparities. We analyze three policies and their impact on minorities: the Individuals with Disability ...

In this paper we assess the relationship between the aggregate income elasticity of aggregate demand and individual income elasticities of demand. We show that the aggregate elasticity is equal to the mean of individual elasticities plus a covariance term. Consequently, the sign of this covariance term determines whether the aggregate elasticity overestimates or underestimates the mean of indiv...

abstract increase in aquatics demand is one of the major goals for production policies. hence analysis of demand structure and aquatics consumption patterns is very applicative and useful for policy makers. using the almost ideal demand system (a.i.d.s), the demand function for types of aquatics and chicken meat in urban and rural societies in kerman city were estimated. applying time series da...

We study differential fertility and intergenerational mobility in an overlapping-generations framework with skilled and unskilled individuals. Assuming unskilled parents are less productive in educating children, we show that they choose higher fertility but less investment for child education than skilled parents. Public education reduces the fertility gap but may increase intergenerational mo...

Most states now fund merit-based financial aid programs, the effects of which depend on how strongly students react to changes in college costs. I estimate such reactions using quasiexperimental aspects of a recent Massachusetts merit scholarship program intended to attract talented students to the state’s public colleges. Despite its small monetary value, the Adams Scholarship induced 6% of wi...