نتایج جستجو برای: inclusion exclusion principle
تعداد نتایج: 350920 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
In this paper, we give the multivariate generating function counting texts according to their length and to the number of occurrences of words from a finite set. The application of the inclusion-exclusion principle to word counting due to Goulden and Jackson (1979, 1983) is used to derive the result. Unlike some other techniques which suppose that the set of words is reduced (i.e., where no two...
This paper presents new methods to estimate the cardinalities of multisets recorded by HyperLogLog sketches. A theoretically motivated extension to the original estimator is presented that eliminates the bias for small and large cardinalities. Based on the maximum likelihood principle a second unbiased method is derived together with a robust and efficient numerical algorithm to calculate the e...
Undergraduate research in tertiary education offers mathematics students a pathway to engage high-impact practices. Using simple sum equals product identity from number theory as motivator, we build series of inclusion-exclusion identities for convex polygons using the symmetry inherent tangent function. The techniques used are and accessible, illuminating generalizable, manner that rejects sin...
A b s t r d C t Information and communication technologies (ICT) are at the heart of government social inclusion policy. However, the "digital divide " remains and social inclusion and technology are closely linked: Not having access to technology is often seen both as part of the inclusion/exclusion problem and part of the solution by enabling access to information resources through different ...
The validity of the Pauli exclusion principle—a building block of Quantum Mechanics—is tested for electrons. The VIP (violation of Pauli exclusion principle) and its follow-up VIP-2 experiments at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso search for X-rays from copper atomic transitions that are prohibited by the Pauli exclusion principle. The candidate events—if they exist—originate from the tra...
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