In this production study, we investigate the effects of phrasal position and metrical structure on alignment patterns of nuclear rising pitch accents in German. In the acoustic domain, peak alignment varies across open and closed syllables. In the articulatory domain, these effects of metrical structure disappear. The peak shows a stable coordination pattern with the vocalic target of the accen...

To enhance the technology for computing semantic equivalence, we introduce the notion of phrasal thesaurus which is a natural extension of conventional word-based thesaurus. Among a variety of phrases that conveys the same meaning, i.e., paraphrases, we focus on syntactic variants that are compositionally explainable using a small number of atomic knowledge, and develop a system which dynamical...

We introduce a novel method for bilingual phrase representation with Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), which transforms a sequence of word feature vectors into a fixed-length phrase vector across two languages. Our method measures the difference between the vectors of sourceand target-side phrases, and can be used to predict the semantic equivalence of source and target word sequences in the ph...

This study covered the idiomatic expressions used by TikTok content creators. Finding out meaning, characteristic, and contributions of for English teaching are goals this study. In 12 videos, researcher discovered 54 idioms, which writer has examined. The methodology was qualitative research. study's data sources were terms in that creators addressed. nonhuman instrument is a smartphone, its h...

This article describes a linguistically informed method for integrating phrasal verbs into statistical machine translation (SMT) systems. In a case study involving English to Bulgarian SMT, we show that our method does not only improve translation quality but also outperforms similar methods previously applied to the same task. We attribute this to the fact that, in contrast to previous work on...

Phrasal semantics is concerned with how the meaning of a sentence is composed both from the meaning of the constituent words, and from extra meaning contained within the structural organization of the sentence itself. In this context, grammatical constructions correspond to form-meaning mappings that essentially capture this “extra” meaning and allow its representation. The current research exa...

This study tested American preschoolers' ability to use phrasal prosody to constrain their syntactic analysis of locally ambiguous sentences containing noun/verb homophones (e.g., [The baby flies] [hide in the shadows] vs [The baby] [flies his kite], brackets indicate prosodic boundaries). The words following the homophone were masked, such that prosodic cues were the only disambiguating inform...

In hierarchical phrase-based translation, coarse-grained nonterminal Xs may generate inappropriate translations due to the lack of sufficient information for phrasal substitution. In this paper we propose a framework to refine nonterminals in hierarchical translation rules with real-valued semantic representations. The semantic representations are learned via a weighted mean value and a minimum...

Vector Space Models (VSMs) of Semantics are useful tools for exploring the semantics of single words, and the composition of words to make phrasal meaning. While many methods can estimate the meaning (i.e. vector) of a phrase, few do so in an interpretable way. We introduce a new method (CNNSE) that allows word and phrase vectors to adapt to the notion of composition. Our method learns a VSM th...

Prosody, as manifested in accents and phrasal boundaries, is a recognized and important aspect of human language understanding. Accents are supported by syllables, whereas phrasal boundaries occur between words. The influence of both accents and boundaries on the other hand, extends to surrounding syllables and, in the case of boundaries, preceding words (even as far back as the last accent in ...