BACKGROUND A better understanding of the adverse health effects of chronic exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) requires accurate estimates of PM2.5 variation at fine spatial scales. Remote sensing has emerged as an important means of estimating PM2.5 exposures, but relatively few studies have compared remote-sensing estimates to those derived from monitor-based data. OBJECTIVE We eval...

This paper is continuation work of a research started in 2005. In the previous research, variety of fuzzy digital elevation models was constructed and the best fit model was selected in order to present an alternative in modelling height information. The previous study revealed that fuzzy digital elevation model gave satisfied result compared with the result from TIN (Triangulated Irregular Net...

BACKGROUND Our previous study showed that the combination of irinotecan (CPT-11) and OK-432 had an additive antitumor effect. The purpose of this study was to analyze the mechanism by which this combined treatment had an effect on immunity. MATERIALS AND METHODS To investigate the immune effects of murine splenocytes stimulated by SN-38 (the active form of CPT-11) and OK-432, endogenous inter...

Kwang-Soon Shin1, Kwang-Won Yu2, Hyun-Kyung Lee1, Ho Lee1, Won-Dai Cho3 and Hyung-Joo Suh4* Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Kyonggi-do 443–760, Korea Divison of Food and Biotechnology, Chungju National University, Jeungpyeong-gun, Chungbuk 368–701, Korea Agricultural Cooperative College, Kyonggi 142–7070, Korea Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea Uni...

Ground motions recorded within sedimentary basins are variable over short distances. One important cause of the variability is that local soil properties are variable at all scales. Regional hazard maps developed for predicting site effects are generally derived from maps of surficial geology; however, recent studies have shown that mapped geologic units do not correlate well with the average s...

Most studies on urban land values focus on the determinants, using hedonic land price models with the consideration of the physical and socio-economic factors. This article employs geostatistical methods to analyze urban land values. Through a case study of Milwaukee, we set up semivariogram models and 3-D TIN surface models for urban land values, and explore anisotropy characteristics and the ...

We previously reported the augmentation of tumor cytotoxicity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) by in vivo administration of a streptococcal preparation, OK-432 (S. Watabe et al., J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 72: 1365-1370, 1984). The present study was undertaken to elucidate the mechanisms of the phenomena. Mouse and rat spleen cells were stimulated in vitro with OK-432. The culture supernatants...

BACKGROUND The acceleration of the control of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections in Nigeria, emphasizing preventive chemotherapy, has become imperative in light of the global fight against neglected tropical diseases. Predictive risk maps are an important tool to guide and support control activities. METHODOLOGY STH infection prevalence data were obtained from surveys carried out in 2...