Fossil calibrations are the utmost source of information for resolving the distances between molecular sequences into estimates of absolute times and absolute rates in molecular clock dating analysis. The quality of calibrations is thus expected to have a major impact on divergence time estimates even if a huge amount of molecular data is available. In Bayesian molecular clock dating, fossil ca...

We study the distribution of descendants of a known personality, or of anybody else, as it propagates along generations from father and mother through their children. We ask for the ratio of the descendants to the total population and construct a model for the route of Distribution from Ancestors to Descendants (DAD). The population ratio rn is found to be given by the recursive equation rn+1 =...

When training a feedforward stochastic gradient descendent trained neural network, there is possibility of not learning batch patterns correctly that causes the network to fail in predictions areas adjacent those patterns. This problem has usually been resolved by directly adding more complexity normally increasing number layers, which means it will be heavier run on workstation. In this paper,...

Phenotypic variation of individuals within populations can be influenced by not only genetic diversity and environmental experienced these but also their parents. Although many studies have tested impacts phenotypic caused genotypic or species on productivity, no study has assessed the effects induced parental productivity. To address this novel question, we conducted two experiments with wides...

using a semantic differential scale 280 third grade highschool students (male and female) were asked to express their attitudes towards themselves, parents, teachers, and their education. finding indicate possitive correlation between students attitude towards themselves and their education as well as between their attitude towards themselves and their parents.

the respect of property has recognized by the grate legal systems. despite of the recognition of this rule, there are some exceptions. expropriation, nationalization, confiscation and requisition are exceptions of the respect which cause the disputes in foreign investment. however national and international authorities, have different argumentations in ether violations of the respect to determi...