modern biotechnology and genetic engineering using techniques and special ‎laboratory tools plays an important role in the pharmaceutical industry and medicinal ‎plant propagation. among these techniques, it can be noted that a wide range of ‎elicitors are widely used for inducing metabolites at invitro culture. due to the ‎pharmaceutical properties of artichoke and its history, it has been dee...

This article has two parts. In Part I, we briefly outline the analysis of ‘contrary-to-duty’ obligation sentences presented in our 2002 handbook chapter ‘Deontic logic and contrary-to-duties’, with a focus on the intuitions that motivated the basic formal-logical moves we made. We also explain that the present account of the theory differs in two significant respects from the earlier version, o...

It is interesting to speculate on the possible applications of noninvasive ventilatory devices to a broader group of pulmonary problems. Recently, two groups have reported successfully utilizing nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation to stabilize patients with cystic fibrosis awaiting lung ‘#{176}“ What future role might NIV play in organ transplantation? Maybe Conwell is right: the j...

AIM The objective of this article is to evaluate the relationship between the changes in prescriptions of antiosteoporotic drugs (mainly the rapid fall in the use of bisphosphonates [BPs]) and standardized hip fracture (HF) rates over the period 2005-2008 in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). METHODS Annual sex- and age-specific HF rates (per 100,000 population) were determined and stand...

Besides design and implementation of components, software engineering for component-based systems has to deal with component integration issues whose impact is not restricted to separate components but rather affects the system as a whole. The bigger the software system is, the more difficult it will be to deal with. Aspect-Oriented programming (AOP) addresses these cross-cutting, multi-compone...