background: tangential irradiation of intact breast is one of the most common procedures performed in any radiotherapy center. this method is performed by using 2d and 3d treatment planning. the aim of this study was to compare 2d with 3d plans in breast conserving radiotherapy. homogeneity of isodose, and lung received dose were compared. materials and methods: twenty patients with breast canc...

In health care, record keeping of doctor-patient encounters is vital for quality patient care and medico-legal reasons. We audited the documentation of post-acute consultant ward round (PACWR) in our department before and six months after an introduction of a proforma (standard form). The clinical notes of all patients admitted acutely under General Surgery over a period of one week before and ...

We tested interventions to reduce "sunk-cost bias," the tendency to continue investing in failing plans even when those plans have soured and are no longer rewarding. We showed members of a national U.S. life-span panel a hypothetical scenario about a failing plan that was halfway complete. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention to focus on how to improve the situation, an inter...

Autonomous systems operating in real-world environments must be able to plan, schedule, and execute missions while robustly adapting to uncertainty and disturbances. Previous work on dispatchable execution increases the efficiency of plan execution under uncertainty by introducing a temporal plan dispatcher that schedules events dynamically in response to disturbances, and a compiler that reduc...

BACKGROUND Recent US practice guidelines and laboratory regulations for quality control (QC) emphasize the development of QC plans and the application of risk management principles. The US Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) now includes an option to comply with QC regulations by developing an individualized QC plan (IQCP) based on a risk assessment of the total testing process. T...

Cost-Based Optimizers choose query execution plans using a cost model. The latter relies on the accuracy of estimated statistics. Unfortunately, compile-time estimates often differ significantly from runtime values, leading to a suboptimal plan choices. In this paper, we propose a compile-time strategy, wherein the optimization process is fully aware of the estimation inaccuracy. This is ensure...

In this paper, we introduce plan-graph based heuristics to solve a variation of the conformant probabilistic planning (CPP) problem. In many real-world problems, it is the case that the sensors are unreliable or take too many resources to provide knowledge about the environment. These domains are better modeled as conformant planning problems. POMDP based techniques are currently the most succe...

PATIENT The patient was a 51-year-old male with a chief complaint of masticatory disturbance and anesthetic problem for the upper partially edentulous region. The cone-crown retained denture was selected as a first treatment plan. However, sufficient satisfaction was not achieved because of oral discomfort, such as bulkiness of the denture and gustatory sensation. Therefore, the treatment plan ...

Plan Recognition algorithms require to recognize a complete hierarchy explaining the agent’s actions and goals. While the output of such algorithms is informative to the recognizer, the cost of its calculation is high in run-time, space, and completeness. Moreover, performing plan recognition online requires the observing agent to reason about future actions that have not yet been seen and main...