objective: today, aids is considered as a global problem and many efforts to generate an effective vaccine against this disease have been made, but remain inconclusive. dna vaccines are a member of the new generation of vaccines that can efficiently stimulate the immune system. however, recent findings indicate low immunogenicity for these vaccines and it is believed that these types of vaccine...

objective: several vaccines against hiv have been investigated but none has been approved as an effective hiv vaccine. an approach that could induce stronger immune response against the pathogen is utilizing a multi-epitopic vaccine. this strategy was used in the design of several vaccines and resulted in improved immune responses. materials and methods: in this study a multi-epitopic fusion p...

In this article, a mathematical model describing the growth orterminating myelogenous leukemia blood cancer's cells against naive T-celland eective T-cell population of body, presented by fractional dierentialequations. We use this model to analyze the stability of the dynamics, whichoccur in the local interaction of eector-immune cell and tumor cells. Wewill also investigate the optimal contro...

objective: active and passive smoking lead to the production of a number of oxidants and antioxidants with various adverse health effects compromising the immune system. tobacco use increases the production of free radicals as well. the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of passive smoking on total antioxidant capacity (tac) of serum and saliva in rats. methods: this experimenta...

foot and mouth disease (fmd) is highly contagious disease among cloven-hoofed animals. fmd virus has structural and non-structural proteins. vp1 is the most immunogenic structural peptides of fmd virus, applied for major vaccine studies. objective: construction of pet28-vp1 cassette for fmd virus type o/irn/2010 and expression vp1 peptide as the most immunogenic antigen was the aim of this stud...

background & aims: mistyping either a donor or a recipient can lead to transfusion with abo incompatible blood which results in severe intravascular hemolysis and may even result in the death of the recipient. abo phenotype is one of the essential tests in immunohematology. eighty percent of blood group a and ab persons are subtype a1 and a1b, respectively. the other 20% of these blood groups a...