Chemical and photometric models of elliptical galaxies with infall of primordial gas, and subsequent ejection of processed material via galactic winds, are described. Ensuring that these models are consistent with the present-day colour-luminosity relation and the measured intracluster medium (ICM) abundances, we demonstrate that the initial mass function (IMF) must be significantly flatter (i....

Stars form from dense molecular cores, and the mass function of these cores (the CMF) is often found to be similar to the form of the stellar initial mass function (IMF). This suggests that the form of the IMF is the result of the form of the CMF. However, most stars are thought to form in binary and multiple systems, therefore the relationship between the IMF and the CMF cannot be trivial. We ...

A recent model for the stellar initial mass function (IMF), in which the stellar masses are randomly sampled down to the thermal Jeans mass from hierarchically structured pre-stellar clouds, predicts that regions of ultra-cold CO gas, such as those recently found in nearby galaxies by Allen and collaborators, should make an abundance of Brown Dwarfs with relatively few normal stars. This result...

With the aim of clarifying the eleven dimensional content of Matrix theory, we examine the dependence of a theory in the infinite momentum frame (IMF) on the (purely spatial) longitudinal compactification radius R. It is shown that in a point particle theory the generic scattering amplitude becomes independent of R in the IMF. Processes with zero longitudinal momentum transfer are found to be e...

To better analyze images with the Gaussian white noise, it is necessary to remove the noise before image processing. In this paper, we propose a self-adaptive image denoising method based on bidimensional empirical mode decomposition (BEMD). Firstly, normal probability plot confirms that 2D-IMF of Gaussian white noise images decomposed by BEMD follow the normal distribution. Secondly, energy es...

Photosynthetic eukaryotes are the product of an endosymbiotic event between a eukaryotic host and a cyanobacterium that became today's plastid. A new phylogenomic study suggests that the closest relative of plastids among extant cyanobacteria is the recently discovered freshwater-dwelling Gloeomargarita lithophora.

The stellar initial mass function (IMF) is predicted to depend upon the temperature of gas in star-forming molecular clouds. introduction an additional parameter, $T_{IMF}$ , into photometric template fitting, suggest most galaxies obey IMF top-heavier than Galactic IMF. implications these revised fits on functions, quiescence and turnoff are discussed. At all redshifts highest become quiescent...

AIM Relapse is an important issue of concern following operations for mandibular setback. Decreasing the immobilization (IMF) period may play a role in this regard. Usual IMF period ranges from 1 to 2 months. We aimed to assess relapse following a 1-week IMF period. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study aimed to assess 40 purely prognathic patients who had undergone Vertical Ramus osteotomy for ma...

The 30 Doradus star-forming region in the Large Magellanic Cloud is a nearby analog of large star-formation events in the distant universe. We determined the recent formation history and the initial mass function (IMF) of massive stars in 30 Doradus on the basis of spectroscopic observations of 247 stars more massive than 15 solar masses ([Formula: see text]). The main episode of massive star f...