The paper develops a model explaining why IMF programs are less likely to be concluded before national election dates. Since conclusion of an IMF arrangement may signal the incumbent’s incompetence, rational voters use this signal when deciding upon his re-election. In order to demonstrate competence, politicians may therefore decide not to conclude IMF programs prior to elections. The model al...

For the consumer, tenderness, juiciness and flavour are often described as the most important factors for meat eating quality, all of which have a close association with intramuscular fat (IMF). X-ray computed tomography (CT) can measure fat, muscle and bone volumes and weights, in vivo in sheep and CT predictions of carcass composition have been used in UK sheep breeding programmes over the la...

[1] We previously developed a method for inferring plasma sheet ion temperature and density from ionospheric observations. Using this method and DMSP observations for 1992, we present 2D profiles of the equatorial plasma sheet ion density and temperature for southward and northward IMF for b2i > 64 or Kp < 3. During periods of northward IMF, cold dense ions can be found plentifully along the pl...

We investigate the effects of IMF stabilization programs, and the reasons behind the unusually high IMF activity and relatively low program completion rates in Latin America. We base our tests on a panel, and distinguish between IMF program approvals and completion. We find that Latin America has higher output costs of IMF programs (especially when completed), no improvement in the current acco...

For non-stationary signal in ultrasonic inspection, an effective denoising method based on Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) is presented and a few key questions using the HHT method are discussed. The overall scheme of HHT includes two parts which are empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm and a sum of intrinsic mode functions (IMF). Through the EMD process, individual IMF can be found. The ...

The motion of a charged particle in a magnetic dipole has first been studied by Wrmer. The different applications of Stiirmer’s theory to anrorae, cosmic rays and Van Allen radiation belt particles are recalled in an historical perspective. In this paper, we expand the Mrmer theory in order to take into account the effects produced by an additional uniform and stationary interplanetary magnetic...

Design of breeding programs requires knowledge of variance components that exist for traits included in specific breeding goals and the genetic relationships that exist among traits of economic importance. A study was conducted to evaluate direct and correlated genetic responses to selection for intramuscular fat (IMF) and to estimate genetic parameters for economically important traits in Duro...

[1] A study of the cross–polar cap potential estimated by the HF Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) during periods of steady interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and solar wind velocity is presented. The potential estimates were examined as time series along with time series of the IMF and solar wind. In addition, the data were examined statistically to obtain a best fit linear express...

Much has been said about the failing policies of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In this essay, I attempt to explain why the IMF has pursued policies that in many cases not only failed to promote the stated objectives of enhancing growth and stability, but were probably counterproductive and even flew in the face of a considerable body of theoretical and empirical work that suggested the...

1 Anna Borovikova, MD Alexey Tamarov, MD Alexei Borovikov, MD Moscow, Russian Federation Sir: W were surprised by the statement of Ricci and Driscoll1: “the snoopy nose deformity is a completely different entity that stems from a completely different mechanism and is solved by different surgical techniques compared with the classic double bubble.” To our knowledge, these 2 major aesthetic compl...