Mechanistic, predictive equations for phosphorus (P) transport in runoff from manure-applied fields constitute a critical knowledge gap for developing nonpoint-source pollution models. We derived two simple equations to describe the P release from animal manure during a rainfall event-one based on first-order P desorption kinetics and one based on second-order kinetics. The manure characteristi...

Agri-environmental programs, such as the Environmental Quality Incentives Program, provide payments to livestock and crop producers to generate broadly defined environmental benefits and to help them comply with federal water quality regulations, such as those that require manure nutrients generated on large animal feeding operations to be spread on cropland at no greater than agronomic rates. ...

Watershed contamination from antibiotics is becoming a critical issue because of increased numbers of confined animal-feeding operations and the use of antibiotics in animal production. To understand the fate of tylosin in manure before it is land-applied, degradation in manure lagoon slurries at 22 degrees C was studied. Tylosin disappearance followed a biphasic pattern, where rapid initial lo...

Growing animal production results in a significant amount of waste, composed manure, bedding, feed, feathers, etc., whose safe and cost-effective disposal becomes troublesome challenge. The literature review points out that the higher heating value (HHV) animal-origin waste reaches 19 MJ/kg (dry basis), which positions it as promising renewable energy source. Various paths recovery were investi...

On November 13, 1997 the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control Approved regulation R.61-43, Standards for the Permitting of Agricultural Animal Facilities. The State Legislature approved these standards on June 26,1998. The primary purpose listed for setting these standards is “To establish standards for the growing or confining of swine, processing of swine manure and o...

Another important issue is the influence of pathogens from different animal manure (slurry, farm yard manure etc.) on human health and well-being as a direct or indirect cause of human enteric illness, especially in areas with large livestock operations and/or a direct contact between farm animals and humans, be it the general public or farm workers a transmission of diseases is likely. Less im...

Manure characteristics can influence the potential for P transfer in runoff following land application of manures. This research assessed the influence of manure characteristics on P solubility in calcareous soils using manures from poultry (Gallus Domisticus) fed a variety of grain-based diets with the manures containing a range of total P (5.6–16.4 g P kg), water-extractable P (WEP, 0.9–4.7 g...

Odor and gas emissions from swine production systems are important issues in the United States for both producers and their neighbors. As the swine industry continues to grow and integrate, problems associated with odors generated by pork production will become increasingly significant. The conflicts between pork producers and their neighbors emphasizes the need for technologies that decrease o...

Composting is the major technology in the treatment of animal manure and is a source of nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas. Although the microbiological processes of both nitrification and denitrification are involved in composting, the key players in these pathways have not been well identified. Recent molecular microbiological methodologies have revealed the presence of dominant Bacillus species...

Olive pruning and animal manure blends were burned in a fluidized bed system, in order to investigate their valorization for thermal energy production. Combustion performance was studied in terms of efficiency and emissions under various operating conditions. Both fuels burned mostly within the bed. The maximum temperature of animal manure was 50 °C lower than that of olive pruning, however eff...