OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe the agreement between impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in children with excess body weight using the original and the revised definitions of IFG. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Obese and overweight children aged 4-17 years were included (n = 533). Anthropometric parameters and biochemical tests (fasting and 2-h gl...

The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) involves probabilistic learning via monetary rewards and punishments, where advantageous task performance requires subjects to forego potential large immediate rewards for small longer-term rewards to avoid larger losses. Pathological gamblers (PG) perform worse on the IGT compared to controls, relating to their persistent preference toward high, immediate, and unce...

OBJECTIVE To describe the characteristics and vital prognosis of men with diabetes diagnosed by one fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentration > or =7.0 mmol/l, with diabetes diagnosed by one isolated postchallenge hyperglycemia (IPH) (FPG <7.0 mmol/l and a 2-h plasma glucose concentration > or =11.1 mmol/l), or with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study inv...

OBJECTIVE This study investigated the impact of executive function on the performance of two different affective tasks, the Facial Affect Identification Task (FAIT) and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS Thirty-nine patients with schizophrenia and 33 healthy controls completed the FAIT and the IGT, followed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the i...

Prefrontal cortex plays an important role in decision making (DM), supporting choices in the ordinary uncertainty of everyday life. To assess DM in an unpredictable situation, a playing card task, such as the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), has been proposed. This task is supposed to specifically test emotion-based learning, linked to the integrity of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC). Howev...

OBJECTIVE To determine the early biochemical predictors of increased susceptibility to develop diabetes in offspring of African type 2 diabetic parents. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 69 offspring (case subjects) of 26 families in Cameroon with at least one type 2 diabetic parent were studied, and 62 offspring (control subjects) from 25 families in Cameroon with no parent with type 2 ...

BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition in reproductive-aged women associated with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and the metabolic syndrome. METHODS A literature search was conducted (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, clinical trial registries and hand-searching) identifying studies reporting prevalence or incidence of IGT, DM2 or metabolic sy...

AIMS This analysis was done to compare the risk of development of diabetes among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and early glucose intolerance (EGI; intermediary post glucose level > or = 160 mg/dl) when compared with normal (NGT). Profile of insulin secretion and insulin resistance was compared in a subgroup of subjects with EGI, IGT and diabetes. PATIENTS AND METHODS A progra...

OBJECTIVES Impaired decision making is seen in several problem behaviours including alcoholism and problem gambling. Decision-making style may contribute to driving while impaired with alcohol (DWI) in some offenders as well. The Somatic Marker Framework theorizes that decision making is the product of two interacting affective neural systems, an impulsive, rapid, amygdala-dependent process for...