All combustion processes produce primary and secondary submicrometric aerosol particles. Primary particles are produced directly by incomplete combustion, and secondary particles are formed from gas-phase precursors. When diffused into the atmosphere, each particle is subject to different mechanisms, such as nucleation, condensation, coagulation and surface reaction, by colliding with other par...

The security of industrial control systems (ICSs) has received a lot attention in recent years. ICSs were once closed networks. But with the development IT technologies, have become connected to Internet, increasing potential cyberattacks. Because are so tightly linked human lives, any harm them could disastrous implications. As technique providing protection, many intrusion detection system (I...

Industrial control systems (ICSs) are more vulnerable to cyber threats owing their network connectivity. The intrusion detection system(IDS) has been deployed detect sophisticated cyber-attack but the existing IDS uses packet header information for traffic flow detection. is inefficient deformation; therefore, we propose adoption of payload in respond a variety attacks and high performance. Our...

© Copyright The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology • The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease http://e-aair.org Asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, and inhaled steroids (ICSs) currently represent the most effective anti-asthma medication. However, due to the potential side-effects of long-term use of ICSs, the recurrence ...

In this study, we have investigated sudden changes in volatility and re-examined the persistence of volatility in Japanese and Korean stock markets during 1986–2008. Using the iterated cumulative sums of squares (ICSS) algorithm, we have determined that the identification of sudden changes is generally associated with global financial and political events. We have also demonstrated that control...

purpose : cataract is one of the most common diseases of older ages and, at present, the leading cause of avoidable blindness in the world. along with the population growth, the rate of cataract surgeries is increasing in most countries worldwide. the number of cataract operations per million population per year is known as the cataract surgery rate (csr) and is one of the indicators introduced...

D a t a s o u r c e s Studies were identified by searching the asthma and wheeze randomized controlled trial (RCT) register of the Cochrane Airways Review Group, which is maintained by searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and 20 respiratory care journals. In addition, reference lists of studies and review articles were scanned; abstracts of respiratory and emergency med...