Although bronchial hyperresponsiveness to cholinergic agents is a main feature of asthma, the role of anticholinergic drugs in chronic asthma management has been largely underestimated. Several single-dose studies comparing acute bronchodilation induced by ipratropium bromide with salbutamol have shown that salbutamol is more effective than ipratropium in treating asthma. Recently, tiotropium h...

PURPOSE To investigate the risk factors for initial central scotoma (ICS) compared with initial peripheral scotoma (IPS) in normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). METHODS Fifty-six NTG patients (56 eyes) with an ICS and 103 NTG patients (103 eyes) with an IPS were included. Retrospectively, the differences were assessed between the two groups for baseline characteristics, ocular factors, systemic fac...

The economic testing of high-speed digital ICs is becoming increasingly problematic. Even advanced, expensive testers are not always capable of testing these ICs because of their high-speed limitations. This paper focuses on a Design for Delay Testability technique such that high-speed ICs can be tested using inexpensive, lowspeed ATE. Also extensions for possible full BIST of delay faults are ...

Invariant coordinate selection (ICS ) has recently been introduced by Tyler et al. (2008) as a method for exploring multivariate data. It includes as shown in Oja et al. (2006) as a special case a method for recovering the unmixing matrix in independent components analysis (ICA). It also serves as a basis for classes of multivariate nonparametric tests. The aim of this paper is to briefly expla...

Clinical trials in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have shown that the long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in COPD patients reduced the number of exacerbations per patient per year and improved health status [1]. Early studies have suggested increased ICS efficacy in patients with low lung function and frequent exacerbations [2]. The efficacy was reinforced when...

_______________________________________________________________________________ Abstract — Until now the efficient identification of unknown CMOS integrated circuits (ICs) has attracted a lot of interest. In particular, different invasive and non-invasive strategies have been developed for IC identification. However, invasive procedures always lead to the destruction of device under test. The n...

While most of the current research focus is rightfully put on finding and mitigating vulnerabilities in industrial control systems (ICS), the opposite angle, namely researching operational weaknesses or unintelligent decisions of ICS malware that make them susceptible to detection, defensive entrapment, and forensics at large, is lesser explored. In this paper we perform a quantitative evaluati...

In a new mouse model for generalized pain syndrome, including fibromyalgia, which used intermittent cold stress (ICS), bilateral allodynia in the hindpaw was observed that lasted more than 12 days; thermal hyperalgesia lasted 15 days. During constant cold stress (CCS), mice showed only a transient allodynia. A female prevalence in ICS-induced allodynia was observed in gonadectomized but not in ...