Copyright © 2009 by the Congress of Neurological Surgeons Hydrocephalus is a neurological disorder that can result in significant disability or even death, regardless of age, sex, or any other individual characteristic. Because of the complex interaction between intracranial pressure (ICP) and hydrocephalus, no clear conclusions can be drawn from the magnitude of ICP alone. Uncontrolled and inc...

Intracranial pressure (ICP) is highly predictive of outcome in traumatic brain injured (TBI) patients with the proportion of hourly ICP greater than 20mmHg being a significant independent determinant of outcome [1-4]. The objective of such monitoring is to maintain adequate cerebral perfusion and oxygenation so as to avoid secondary insult to the traumatically injured brain. Furthermore, prophy...

In five baboons and 11 cats cerebral ischaemia was produced either by inflating an epidural balloon and or by ligating major arteries supplying the brain. Fifteen of the animals developed intracranial hypertension after cerebral ischaemia. If ICP were high, but still significantly lower than MABP, elevation of MABP by noradrenaline infusions was accompanied by a proportional increase of ICP. Ho...

OBJECT Intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) monitoring are fundamental to the management of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). In adults, brain tissue oxygen monitoring (specifically PO2) and treatment have been shown to be safe additions to conventional neurocritical care and are associated with improved outcome. Brain tissue oxygen monitoring, however, has not b...

The use of oxygen as a reaction gas for the removal of interferences in quadrupole ICP-MS is well established. However, prior to the development of the Agilent 8800 Triple Quadrupole ICP-MS (ICP-QQQ), the use of oxygen had been limited to determination of a small number of analytes in simple, well defined matrices. This is because oxygen can react with matrix components, analytes and polyatomic...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Moderate hypothermia has been found to reduce intracranial pressure (ICP) significantly in patients who have severe middle cerebral artery infarction. However, during passive rewarming, ICP continuously rises and some patients suffer transtentorial herniation. METHODS We investigated the question of whether slower rewarming leads to slower increase in ICP and slower dec...

BACKGROUND Determination of relationships between transcranial Doppler (TCD)-based spectral pulsatility index (sPI) and pulse amplitude (AMP) of intracranial pressure (ICP) in 2 groups of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients (a) displaying plateau waves and (b) with unstable mean arterial pressure (MAP). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients with severe TBI and continuous TCD m...

The main factors affecting the accurate and precise determination of U using ICP-MS are instrumental background, the isobaric interference of UH molecular ion on U analyte ions, and the presence of U and U peak tails. An optimized analytical method for attenuating the influence of these factors on uranium isotope ratio measurements at ultratrace level of environmental samples has been developed...

Objective: To analyze the difference in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) performed with normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and CABG supported with the intracardiac microaxial pump (ICP, Impella, Aachen, Germany). Methods: A prospective randomized study was conducted in seven centers. The study population consists of 199 patients undergoing isolated primary CABG (CPB group 94 patien...

Understanding spatial variation of potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) in soil is necessary to identify the proper measures for preventing soil contamination at both operating and abandoned mining areas. Many studies have been conducted worldwide to explore the spatial variation of PTEs and to create soil contamination maps using geostatistical methods. However, they generally depend only o...