The conversion of biomass to energy (also called bio energy) encompasses a wide range of different types and sources of biomass, conversion options, end user applicationsand infrastructure requirements. Mustard oil biodiesel performed very well in vehicles. Fuel consumption increased compared to fossil diesel because biodiesel has slightly less energy per gallon than diesel fuel. The fuel filte...

The association of γ-ray bursts (GRBs) and core-collapse supernovae (SNe) of Type Ib and Ic was motivated by the detection of SN1998bw in the error box of GRB980425 and the now-secure identification of a SN1998bw-like event in the cosmological GRB030329. The bright radio emission from SN1998bw indicated that it possessed some of the unique attributes expected of GRBs, namely a large reservoir o...

Journal bearings used in IC engines are prone to premature failures and are likely to fail earlier than the rated life due to highly impulsive and unstable operating conditions and frequent starts/stops. Vibration signature extraction and wear debris analysis techniques are prevalent in industry for condition monitoring of rotary machinery. However, both techniques involve a great deal of techn...

We have observed the IC 1396 W globule in a narrow band filter centred on the 1 – 0 S(1) line of molecular hydrogen and in the J, H, K’ broad-band filters. Three molecular hydrogen outflows could be identified by means of H2 emission. The projected axes of the flows are parallel to each other. By means of the NIR images and IRAS/ISOPHOT data we could identify the driving sources of all outflows...

This paper applies integrated system modeling and control design process to a continuously variable valve timing (VVT) actuator system that has different control input and cam position feedback sample rates. Due to high cam shaft torque disturbance and high actuator open-loop gain, it is also difficult to maintain the cam phase at the desired constant level with an open-loop controller for syst...

Abstract The paper presents some research results to recognize the possibility of realization idea a multi-fuel IC engine. Future construction is planned as flexible solution for military or special purpose transport means and emergency power generation. proposed engine would utilize compression ignition mode combustion high reactive fuels (JP-8, diesel oil, etc.) spark gasoline other low fuels...

A novel configuration of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Internal Combustion (SOFC-IC) engine is presented and a nonlinear dynamic model that captures the transient phenomena of this system is developed. A variable geometry turbocharger and a throttle present at the air inlet is used to regulate the interacting flows in the combined system. A controller is developed to regulate the output to demand spe...

A technique based on planar laser-induced fluorescence of 3-pentanone, for measurements of absolute concentration, temperature and fuel/air equivalence ratios in turbulent, high-pressure combustion systems such as an internal combustion engine is presented. Quasi-simultaneous excitation with 248 nm and 308 nm of 3-pentanone that is used as a fluorescence tracer doped to iso-octane, yields pairs...