Recent observations show that some or possibly all long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) arise from the core collapse of massive stars. In this case, the GRB environments are believed to be preburst stellar winds. We here study prompt neutrino emission from reverse shocks as a result of the interaction of relativistic fireballs with their surrounding wind matter. We find that for reasonable par...

aza heterocyclic compounds are major interest for organic chemists because of their mainly pharmacological activities and clinical applications such as antianxiety, antitumor, anticonvulsant, cardiotonic and vasorelaxant. this contribution describes an electrochemical approach for the preparation of nanosized particles of phthalazine in high yields and very short reaction time. the method is ba...

the accumulative roll bonding (arb) as a severe plastic deformation (spd) procedure aimed at enhancing the mechanical properties of metals and alloys. in the present study, a new slab method is proposed for estimating the forming stress field for cold extrusion of metals cross the alumina interlayer powder particles by accumulative roll bonding process. plastic deformation behavior of the metal...

conjugation of monoclonal antibodies to super paramagnetic nanoparticles is an effective method for cancer diagnosis and treatment. in this study the humanized anti her2/neu monoclonal antibody- herceptin- was conjugated to super paramagnetic iron oxide (spio) nanoparticles using edc method. the concentration of the conjugated antibodies was measured by bradford assay. the antibody-nanoparticle...

introduction studying motility of biological objects is an important parameter in many biomedical processes. therefore, automated analyzing methods via microscopic videos are becoming an important step in recent researches. materials and methods in the proposed method of this article, a hypothesis testing function is defined to separate biological particles from artifact and noise in captured v...

Providing protection against the hazards of space radiation is a major challenge to the exploration and development of space. The great cost of added radiation shielding is a potential limiting factor in deep space operations. In this enabling technology, we have developed methods for optimized shield design over multi-segmented missions involving multiple work and living areas in the transport...

High-energy (HZE) heavy ions, when compared to low-LET radiation, are highly effective in inducing gene mutation, chromosomal aberrations and neoplastic transformation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not clearly understood. We have recently shown that the down-regulation of Betaig-h3 expression is causally linked to the tumorigenic phenotype of papillomavirus-immortalized huma...

High-precision measurements of violations of fundamental symmetries in atoms are a very effective means of testing the standard model of elementary particles and searching for new physics beyond it. Such studies complement measurements at high energies. We review the recent progress in atomic parity nonconservation and atomic electric dipole moments (time reversal symmetry violation), with a pa...

In this paper we create a self similar analogous image of spiral structure of elementary particles with that of sea shells, using the mathematical description of pigmentation pattern of sea shells, which describes the various potentials of the spiral structure of elementary particles. It also introduces the sea shells analogous parameters for spiral structure of elementary particles for quantis...