electrical steels are important alloys widely used in electrical instruments. the magnetic properties and low core loss of grain oriented silicon steels are closely related to the sharpness of goss texture ({110} ).the direction of is the softest direction for magnetism.  in this work, the microstructure and dependence of orientation density along the major texture fibers on the applied cold ro...

This paper deals with designing a repetitive controller (RC) for tracking periodic reference trajectories for systems that exhibit hysteresis, such as piezoelectric actuators used in nanopositioning systems. Hysteresis can drastically limit the performance of an RC designed around a linear dynamics model, and thus the effect of hysteresis on the closed-loop stability of RC is analyzed and the a...

the cu doped nio (nio:cu) nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation method using nicl2.6h2o, cucl2.2h2o for ni and cu sources, respectively. sodium hydroxide has been used as a precipitator agent. effect of cu doping agent on the structural and optical properties of nanostructures were characterized by xrd, sem, afm, spectrophotometry, ftir and vsm techniques. xrd revealed that nio:cu ...

Understanding the effects of in-situ drying–wetting pattern on stress-dependent water retention curve intact loess is vital for addressing geotechnical problems in regions. The principal objective this study to investigate influence behavior loess. To meet objective, six tests were carried out using a suction- and stress-controlled pressure plate extractor. Intact was sampled from three differe...

in the current paper,nanostructured nickel oxide (nio) were synthesized by co-precipitation method using nickel(ii) chloride hexahydrate (nicl2.6h2o) and sodium hydroxide (naoh) as starting material. structural, optical and magnetic properties of nanostructures were characterized by x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscopy (sem), atomic force microscope (afm), uv–vis absorption; fo...

Soils with two subcurves of Soil-Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC) (dual porosity soils) might be found within various residual soils. located in different depths have confining pressure. Residual soils are the unsaturated zones due to deep groundwater table. There is a linear correlation between hydraulic properties soil area and that its properties. This study aims examine influence pressure ...

Electrical steels are important alloys widely used in electrical instruments. The magnetic properties and low core loss of grain oriented silicon steels are closely related to the sharpness of Goss texture ({110} ).The direction of is the softest direction for magnetism.  In this work, the microstructure and dependence of orientation density along the major texture fibers on the applied cold ro...

PURPOSE To develop a method for evaluating viscosity and elasticity of the cornea and to examine the effect that both properties have on hysteresis. METHODS A three-component spring and dashpot model was created in Simulink in Matlab to represent the purely elastic and viscoelastic behavior of the cornea during a measurement using device called an ocular response analyzer (ORA). Values for el...

Smart materials display coupling between electrical, magnetic, thermal and elastic behavior. Hence these materials have inherent sensing and actuation capacities. However, the hysteresis inherent to smart materials presents a challenge in control of these actuators/sensors. Inverse compensation is a fundamental approach to cope with hysteresis, where one aims to cancel out the hysteresis effect...

Hysteresis, which is the history dependence of physical systems, is one of the most important topics in physics. Interestingly, bi-stability of plasma with a huge hysteresis loop has been observed in inductive plasma discharges. Despite long plasma research, how this plasma hysteresis occurs remains an unresolved question in plasma physics. Here, we report theory, experiment, and modeling of th...