Assigning functional information to hypothetical proteins in virus genomes is crucial for gaining insight into their proteomes. Human adenoviruses are medium sized viruses that cause a range of diseases. Their genomes possess proteins with uncharacterized function known as hypothetical proteins. Using a wide range of protein function prediction servers, functional information was obtained about...

Whilst contingent valuation is increasingly used in economics to value benefits, questions remain concerning its external validity that is do hypothetical responses match actual responses? We present results from the first within sample field test. Whilst Hypothetical No is always an Actual No, Hypothetical Yes exceed Actual Yes responses. A constant rate of response reversals across bids/price...

This observation comes from the fact that in standard ALP [ Kakas, et al., 1992 ] , hypotheses are restricted to atoms which are pre-speci ed as abducibles. However, distinction on the sentential form of hypotheses is not necessarily the point. In fact, the ALP framework is easily extended to include abducible rules [ Inoue and Sakama, 1994 ] . Namely, a set of hypothetical clauses are speci ed...

Earthworms affect nitrogen cycling directly through the consumption and assimilation of organic N and the turnover of N through excretion and mortality. Although earthworms can process large quantities of organic matter, organic-matter consumption by earthworms based on their nitrogen requirements has not been quanti®ed. Organic-matter consumption and the ef®ciency of nitrogen assimilation by e...

This paper describes the development of an approximate physical model that can be used for generating diierent types of protein crystallization behaviors or responses in varying physico-chemical environments. The modeling process involves three stages, two of which have been completed. The model developed in Stage I was over-simpliied and was aimed at providing the right computational avor of t...

Significant difference between response to real and hypothetical valuation questions is often referred to as hypothetical bias. Some economists have had success with using “cheap talk” (which entails reading a script that explicitly highlights the hypothetical bias problem before participants make any decisions) as a means of generating unbiased responses in a referendum format. In this article...

Laboratory studies of choice and decision making among real monetary rewards typically use smaller real rewards than those common in real life. When laboratory rewards are large, they are almost always hypothetical. In applying laboratory results meaningfully to real-life situations, it is important to know the extent to which choices among hypothetical rewards correspond to choices among real ...

Bell’s palsy is an idiopathic peripheral nerve palsy involving the facial nerve. It accounts for 60 to 75% of all cases of unilateral facial paralysis. The main mechanisms to induce BP remain unclear, but infection, ischemic condition and immunodeficiency may contribute to the development of Bell’s palsy. Accumulating evidence has shown several factors can trigger the reactivation of latent...