K. Badron , A.F. Ismail, , M.R. Islam , A.R Tharek and J. Din Electrical and Computer Department, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Abstract. Radiowave propagation plays a very important part in the design and eventually dictates performance of space communication systems. The requirements of today’s ...

The shape of rain drops has been studied in various ways over the past several decades, amongst them being (i) wind-tunnel measurements by Pruppacher and Beard (1970), (ii) numerical modelling of equilibrium drop shapes by Beard and Chuang (1987) and (iii) laboratory measurements by Beard et al. (1991) as well as Andsager et al. (1999). More recently, it has been shown that with a fully calibra...

The forecasting of the passage of wind changes associated with dry cold fronts is vital to safe firefighting operations in southeastern Australia (Cheney et al. 2001), and the issuing of ‘Wind Change Forecast Charts’ is an important part of the Victorian, South Australian and New South Wales Regional Forecast Centres’ fire weather forecast product suite. While weather radars are most commonly u...

A physically-based passive microwave technique is proposed to estimate precipitation intensity and extinction from ground. Multi-frequency radiometric measurements are inverted to retrieve surface rain rate, columnar precipitation contents and rainfall microwave extinction. A new inversion methodology, based on an artificial neural-network feed-forward algorithm, is evaluated and compared again...

The sensitivity of supercell morphology to the vertical distribution of moisture is investigated in this study using a cloud-resolvingmodel with 300-mhorizontal grid spacing. Simulated storms are found to transition from classic (CL) to low-precipitation (LP) supercells when the strength of elevated dry layers in the environmental moisture profile is increased. Resulting differences in themicro...

With the advent of the microwave radiometer, passive remote sensing of clouds and precipitation has become an indispensable tool in a variety of meteorological and oceanographical applications. There is wide interest in the quantitative retrieval of water vapor, cloud liquid, and ice using brightness temperature observations in scientific studies such as earth’s radiation budget and microphysic...

It is of considerable importance to understand the impacts (if any) of aerosols and other atmospheric constituents on clouds. These impacts may include modification of the optical properties, coverage, dynamical behavior, and/or hydrological role of clouds. The most basic variables that must be measured in order to make progress are cloud coverage, optical thicknesses, and size distributions of...

This paper revisits the problem of nding a parametric form for the rain drop size distribution (DSD) which 1) is an appropriate model for tropical rainfall, and 2) involves statistically independent parameters. Using TOGA/COARE data, we derive a parametrization which meets these criteria. This new parametrization is an improvement on the one that was derived in [3], using TRMM ground truth data...

The inevitable increase in radio interference within microwave systems continue to be of major concern as more of radio communication services compete with bandwidth assigned to the fixed service, fixed satellite service and broadcasting satellite service. Interference hampers coverage and capacity of these services often lead to the reduction in the signal to noise ratio at the receiving termi...

Dual polarization is becoming the standard for new weather radar systems. In contrast to conventional weather radars, where the reflectivity is measured in one polarization plane only, a dual polarization radar provides transmission in either horizontal, vertical, or both polarizations while receiving both the horizontal and vertical channels simultaneously. Since hydrometeors are often far fro...