Liquid hydrogen (LH2) takes up less storage volume than gas but requires cryogenic vessels. State-of-the-art applications for passenger vehicles consist of double-wall cylindrical tanks that hold a hydrogen storage mass of up to 10 kg. The preferred shell material of the tanks is stainless steel, since it is very resistant against hydrogen brittleness and shows negligible hydrogen permeation. T...

Social, economic, and political pressures are causing a shift in the global energy mix, with a preference toward renewable energy sources. In order to realize widespread implementation of these resources, large-scale storage of renewable energy is needed. Among the proposed energy storage technologies, redox flow batteries offer many unique advantages. The primary limitation of these systems, h...

We study polylithiated molecules as building blocks for hydrogen storage materials, using first-principles calculations. CLi4 and OLi2 bind 12 and 10 hydrogen molecules, respectively, with an average binding energy of 0.10 and 0.13 eV, leading to gravimetric densities of 37.8 and 40.3 weight % H. Bonding between Li and C or O is strongly polar and H2 molecules attach to the partially charged Li...

AB -type intermetallic compounds were prepared by the melt spinning method. Structure analysis was carried out by X-ray 5 diffractometry, SEM and high resolution electron microscopy. The hydrogen storage capacity was determined by isothermic mass controlled absorption of hydrogen and by electrochemical charge /discharge cycles. A variation of the preparation parameters showed that a nanocrystal...

Exfoliation of graphite nanofibers (GNF) expands the interplanar spacing of the GNF which leads to increased hydrogen storage. The exfoliation technique plays a large role in the resulting GNF microstructure, surface area, and hydrogen storage properties. Variations in preparation conditions expand the GNF lattice from 3.4 Å to over 500 Å. The BET surface area of the exfoliated GNF increases as...

Knowledge about the ground-state crystal structure is a prerequisite for the rational understanding of solid-state properties of new materials. To act as an efficient energy carrier, hydrogen should be absorbed and desorbed in materials easily and in high quantities. Owing to the complexity in structural arrangements and difficulties involved in establishing hydrogen positions by x-ray diffract...

Transition metal (TM) atoms bound to fullerenes are proposed as adsorbents for high density, room temperature, ambient pressure storage of hydrogen. C60 or C48B12 disperses TMs by charge transfer interactions to produce stable organometallic buckyballs (OBBs). A particular scandium OBB can bind as many as 11 hydrogen atoms per TM, ten of which are in the form of dihydrogen that can be adsorbed ...