Thermodynamic calculations of metastable equilibria in the H– C–O system are used to evaluate the stability of condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and normal alkanes in the solar nebula. The effects of temperature, total pressure (governed by H2), the abundances of gaseous CO and H2O, as well mass accretion rate into the Sun and viscous efficiency at the nebula midplane are explor...

The intrinsic biodegradability of hydrocarbons and the distribution of proficient degrading microorganisms in the environment are very crucial for the implementation of bioremediation practices. Among others, one of the most favorable methods that can enhance the effectiveness of bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated environment is the application of biosurfactant producing microbes. In th...

Introduction: The increasing trend of petroleum production in Iran and lack of proper and systematic management of waste products in the deposition of petroleum storage tanks have made the existing hydrocarbons as a major hazards to the environment. In this study, the ozonation process was used to remove the petroleum deposits. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, effects of pH, ...

Nitrosomonas europaea, a model ammonia oxidizing bacterium, was exposed to a wide variety of aromatic hydrocarbons in 3 h batch assays. The expression of NE1545, a phenol sentinel gene involved in fatty acid metabolism, was monitored via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and a Coulter Counter technique was used to monitor changes in cell volume. Decreases in cell volume...

Water demand is increasing because of demographic and urban development in the last decades. Crude oil an essential energy resource for many anthropogenic activities. However, it associated with generation environmental pollution. In present work, a native microbial consortium was used to study hydrocarbon biodegradation crude its potential use remove organic pollutants wastewater. The kinetic ...

Compact codes, recently introduced (ref. 1), have been applied to all known bicyclic saturated hydrocarbons as the first step in a systematic deriving compact codes for more complex ring systems. The codes are compared with IUPAC nomenclature for bicyclic compounds, as well as with WLN (Wiswesser Line Notation). Advantages of the compact codes are outlined, including qualified algebraic manipul...

Introduction: Titan has a massive atmosphere with a pressure at surface level of ~1.5 bars. In the atmosphere the molecular nitrogen N2 is the dominant constituent (~94 percent) and the methane CH4 is the second most abundant component (~5 percent) [1]. The atmosphere of Titan is photochemically active with an efficient production of ethane, ethylene, acetylene and propane as minor components. ...

Amyris is a renewable products company providing sustainable alternatives to a broad range of petroleumsourced products. Amyris applies its industrial synthetic biology platform to convert plant sugars into a variety of molecules flexible building blocks that can be used in a wide range of products. Amyris’s initial portfolio of commercial products is based on Biofene, Amyris’s brand of farnese...

Human exposure to hydrocarbons (HCs) is a common problem. In 2010, U.S. poison centers reported 43,000 exposures to HCs, with the majority of cases managed in an outpatient setting. Exposure to HCs of patients who present to the emergency department (ED) can generally be classified into four types. The first is the accidental ingestion involving children younger than 5 years. This is the most c...