During floods, the bedload transport of steep headwaters can exceed the hydraulic transport capacity of milder downstream reaches where settlements are often situated. Therefore, sediment retention barriers are typically installed upstream of such sensible areas. These barriers trigger bedload trapping via two control mechanisms, either hydraulic or mechanical. Both deposition controls, pertain...

This study aimed at optimizing horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (CWs) to improve hydraulic performance and pollutant removal efficiency. A groundwater modeling package (MODFLOW) was used to optimize three design parameters (length-to-width ratio, inlet/outlet-to-length ratio, and substrate size configuration). Using the optimized parameters, three pilot-scale CWs were built to tr...

[1] For characterizing water flow in the vadose zone, the water retention curve (WRC) of the soil must be known. Because conventional WRC measurements demand much time and effort in the laboratory, alternative methods with shortened measurement duration are desired. The WRC can be estimated, for instance, from the cumulative pore size distribution (PSD) of the investigated material. Geophysical...

The design of geotextile containers for dewatering applications typically requires hydraulic compatibility between the geotextile and the confined fill material. Ideally, a geotextile container must successfully retain the solid phase of the fill material and must not be clogged during the dewatering process. This becomes difficult to achieve when the fill material is fine grained and the pore ...

the down-flow hanging sponge (dhs) reactor, which was developed for post-treatment of effluent from up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb) process treating sewage, uses polyurethane sponge as media to retain biomass. wastewater is trickled from the top of the reactor and purified by microorganisms retained both inside and outside of the sponge media as the wastewater flows vertically down thr...

we evaluated the efficacy of a full-scale combined biophysicochemical system for treatingmolasses-based bioethanol wastewater in terms of organic substances, nutrient, and dark brown color removal. the main organic removal unit, i.e., the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb) reactor, achieved 80.7% removal and 4.3 nm3 methane production per cubic meter of wastewater with a hydraulic retention...

anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste (osw) from kitchen was conducted in completely stirred tank reactors (cstrs) under both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. the lab-scale reactors were fed with the osw containing 10% of total solids (ts) at a hydraulic retention time (hrt) of 30 days (3.0-3.5 g-ts/l/d of volumetric loading rate). both mesophilic and thermophilic reactors exhibited...