Introduction: There is a growing interest in the study of sulfate minerals on the surface of Mars, supported by the discovery of jarosite at Meridiani Planum [1-3]. There is also the possibility of finding hydrous sulfate minerals in the permafrost, located at the polar regions. Sulfate minerals often precipitate in a variety of hydration states in the presence of liquid water. The spectra of s...

Due to high efficiency and low cost, hydrate-based desalination is investigated as a pretreatment method for seawater desalination. To improve the formation rate of hydrates, effect sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on CO2 hydrate from 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was measured at 275 K 3 MPa. X-ray diffraction (XRD) cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) were used measure crystal structure micromorp...