Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have a larger battery and can replace a certain amount of conventional fossil fuels with grid electricity, which differs from the traditional hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The application of the onboard electrical energy significantly influences the energy utilization efficiency and thus impacts the fuel economy. In this paper, the basic PHEV operatio...

In this work, we are interested in the structural modeling for analysis of a particular class of hybrid dynamic systems, which are continuous flow systems controlled by timed discrete event systems. In this paper, Delementary hybrid Petri nets (D-elementary HPN for short) are defined and used for the behavioral description of continuous flow systems. An algorithm that allows, in a hierarchical ...

Here we demonstrate the use of a mammalian two-hybrid system to study protein-protein interactions. Like the yeast two-hybrid system, this is a genetic, in vivo assay based on the reconstitution of the function of a transcriptional activator. In this system, one protein of interest is expressed as a fusion to the Gal4 DNA-binding domain and another protein is expressed as a fusion to the activa...

The Hybrid Functional Petri Nets (HFPN) formalism has already shown its convenience for modelling biological systems. This class of models have been fruitfully applied in biology but the remarkable expressiveness of HFPN often leads to incomplete formal validations. In this paper, we propose a formal logical framework for Timed Hybrid Petri Nets (THPN), a sub-class of HFPN. We propose an extens...

The Hybrid Functional Petri Nets (HFPN) formalism has already shown its convenience for modelling biological systems. This class of models have been fruitfully applied in biology but the remarkable expressiveness of HFPN often leads to incomplete formal validations. In this paper, we propose a formal logical framework for Timed Hybrid Petri Nets (THPN), a sub-class of HFPN. We propose an extens...

This research set out to evaluate the effect of combined biological and chemical nitrogen fertilizers on some corn hybrids. To this end an experiment was conducted as split plot on the basis of randomized complete block design with four replications. Main plots were included: use of chemical and biological fertilizers in four levels: 100% chemical fertilizer, 75% chemical fertilizer + 100% bio-...

background and aim: in vitro studies have revealed a direct association between resin content and cytotoxicity of resin composites; but implantation studies in this regard are sparse. this study investigates the relationship between filler content of composite resins and biocompatibility. materials and methods: this study was conducted using 18 male wistar rats (180-200g), 1 nano-hybrid (prime-...

a breeding program was started in safiabad agricultural research center in 1999, to produce an improved maize hybrid with a relative heat stress tolerance. consequently at 2005 a few s6 lines with having moderately tolerance to high temperature were obtained. these combinates were then evaluated for three consecutive years in three sub-tropical regions of the country includes khzestan, ilam and...

in this study, the effects of different types of hand plucking were studied on green leaf yield and black tea quality. bud and a leaf, bud and two leaves, bud and three leaves and bud and four leaves were the types of hand plucking. plucking was down on chine’s hybrid tea and clone 100 in fuman tea research station. shoots were plucked in flashing period regularly during three years. green leaf...

This paper presents a new mathematical model for a hybrid flow shop scheduling problem with multiprocessor tasks in which sequence dependent set up times and preemption are considered. The objective is to minimize the weighted sum of makespan and maximum tardiness. Three meta-heuristic methods based on genetic algorithm (GA), imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) and a hybrid approach of GA a...