Meeting today's ventilation and comfort requirements in multiple-space VAV systems can be challenging. Building heating and cooling loads are typically not static; therefore VAV systems need to be flexible to respond to the continually changing outdoor conditions and occupant activities. To optimize comfort and minimize energy usage in this dynamic environment, the HVAC control system must also...

The energy consumption of a heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) system is optimized by using a data-driven approach. Predictive models with controllable and uncontrollable input and output variables utilize the concept of a dynamic neural network. The minimization of the energy consumed while maintaining indoor room temperature at an acceptable level is accomplished with a bi-objec...

Air pressure acting on building envelopes can wreak havoc with building performance if not properly understood and adequately designed for. Uncontrolled air pressure across the building envelope and within the building itself can cause infiltration and exfiltration that overpower HVAC systems. By disrupting the HVAC design, pressures can cause discomfort and create infection control and indoor ...

The balance between thermal comfort and air quality in healthcare facilities to optimize the Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is the main aim of this paper. The present paper will present this balance from the viewpoint of the air conditioning design. It was found that the design of the HVAC airside systems plays an important role for achieving the optimum air quality beside the optimum comfort level. ...

The Heat, Ventilation, Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems in urban buses promote high particle motion. In this paper the effect of centralized roof-top HVAC on virus transmission by droplets caused sneezing and coughing was studied with Lagrangian approach while through aerosols breathing talking modeled Eulerian tracer method. It found that large (> 200 μm) can travel more than 3 m without being ...

Heating, ventilation and air cooling (HVAC) systems are the largest users of electrical energy in hospital. The results showed that hospitals represent about 60% total consumption utility building sector. In this paper, it is presented efficiency potential for savings HVAC hospitals. Conditioning with Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) or Volume (VRV) Technology allow greater cost compared to trad...

With the growth of commercial building sizes, it is more beneficial to make them “smart” by controlling schedule heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system adaptively. Single-building-based scheduling methods are focused on individual interests usually result in overlapped schedules that can cause voltage deviations their microgrid. This paper proposes a decentralized management f...

Heat, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) is a crucial system for maintaining acceptable quality keeping the building its occupants healthy. There are some challenges in controlling identifying this as it commonly operates different operation conditions. Furthermore, various types of un-controlled sources disturb steady operations. In addition, an HVAC inherently nonlinear varies with time....