A series of in vitro studies were carried out to determine i) the effects of enzyme and formaldehyde treatment on the degradation characteristics of carbohydrate and protein sources and on the synchronicity of these processes, and ii) the effects of synchronizing carbohydrate and protein supply on rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis (MPS) in in vitro experiments. Untreated corn (...

This paper is devoted to the non-symmetric channels. Here we will present t-EC-AUED codes. Böinck and van Tilborg gave a bound on the length of binary t-EC-AUED codes. A generalization of this bound to arbitrary alphabet size is given. This generalized Böinck van Tilborg bound, combined with constructions, is used to determine the length of some optimal binary and ternary t-EC-AUED codes. The s...

We investigated the photocbromic (PC) and electrocbromic (EC) behavior of sputtered tungsten oxide (W03_1) films with different oxygen deficiency y. It was found that both the PC and EC coloration efficiency increase with increasing oxygen deficiency in tungsten oxide. For PC efficiency, this behavior is consistent with the model of photocbromism developed recently. A recently developed model b...

GSH and GSH-associated metabolism provide the major line of defense for the protection of cells from oxidative and other forms of toxic stress. Of the three amino acids that comprise GSH, cysteine is limiting for GSH synthesis. As extracellularly cysteine is readily oxidized to form cystine, cystine transport mechanisms are essential to provide cells with cysteine. Cystine uptake is mediated by...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of metallic orthodontic brackets bonded to bovine teeth using light-activated or chemically activated composite resins. One hundred and twenty bovine mandibular incisors were divided into 6 groups (n=20), according to the bonding materials: Transbond XT (T); Enforce Dual (ED); Enforce chemical (EC); Enforce Light-activated (EL)...

In three pediatric patients with necrotizing lymphadenitis, cytosol aminopeptidase activity (c-AP; EC 3.4.11.1) in serum was markedly increased to 509, 417, and 191 U/L, respectively (normal range 25-60 U/L). Lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.27) was also increased, with LD-3 predominating. The increased concentrations of c-AP and LD presumably originated from the destruction of infected, act...

Extracellular superoxide dismutase type C (EC-SOD C) is a secretory SOD isoenzyme that, in vivo, is bound to heparan sulfate proteoglycans in the glycocalyx of various cell types (e.g., endothelial cells) and in the connective tissue matrix. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of vascular bound EC-SOD C in protecting arterial relaxation mediated by endothelium-derived relaxing...

Abstract. Carbonaceous aerosol is mainly composed of organic carbon (OC) and elemental (EC). Both OC EC originate from a variety emission sources. Radiocarbon (14C) analysis can be used to apportion bulk aerosol, OC, into their However, such analyses require the physical separation EC. Here, we apply ECT9 protocol physically isolate for 14C evaluate its effectiveness. Several reference material...

Here, we define an endothelial cell (EC) lumen signaling complex involving Cdc42, Par6b, Par3, junction adhesion molecule (Jam)-B and Jam-C, membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP), and integrin alpha(2)beta(1), which coassociate to control human EC tubulogenesis in 3D collagen matrices. Blockade of both Jam-B and Jam-C using antibodies, siRNA, or dominant-negative mutants completely...