Climate-change projections suggest that European summer heatwaves will become more frequent and severe during this century1–4, consistent with the observed trend of the past decades5,6. The most severe impacts arise from multi-day heatwaves, associated with warm night-time temperatures and high relative humidity. Here we analyse a set of highresolution regional climate simulations and show that...

This study investigated the influence of alpine grazing on vitamin D (vitD) and bone metabolism in sheep and goats. Two groups of five adult lactating East Friesian milk sheep and Saanen dairy goats were kept on pastures at 2,000 to 2,600 m a.s.l. (SA: sheep alpine; GA: goats alpine) and 400 m a.s.l. (SL: sheep lowland; GL: goats lowland). The animals were milked twice daily and the milk yield ...

The neurocognitive basis of the effect of long-term high altitude exposure on conflict control is unclear. Event related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in a flanker task to investigate the influence of high altitude on conflict control in the high-altitude group (who had lived at high altitude for three years but were born at low altitude) and the low-altitude group (living in low altitude onl...

the islamic calendar is based on lunar months, which begin when the thin crescent moon is actually sighted in the western sky after sunset within a day or so after the new moon. the islamic dates begin at sunset on the previous day. the visibility of the lunar crescent as a function of the moon's age - the time counted from the new moon - is obviously of great importance to muslims. the da...

in recent years, extraction of atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles from thermal bands of satellite images is a common practice. the most deployed images for this task have been acquired by moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (modis). this sensor which is onboard of terra and aqua platforms consists of a spectroradiometer with 36 bands in visible (vis), near infra-red (nir) u...

The proper knowledge of spatial precipitation structure is important as much as that of microphysics processes for reliable quantitative precipitation forecasts. This study considers some aspects of how precipitation is organized on mesoand fine-scales, within a cold front line and how moisture transport is driven by these structures. Also, a spectral space vision of the representativeness erro...

Large spatial and temporal variations were observed in the location of the upwind cloud edge over Lake Michigan during five westerly wind lake-effect events in November 1995 through January 1996. This study examines the impacts of variations of Lake Michigan surface water temperatures (and corresponding surface fluxes) and upwind static stability on the location of the upwind edge of lake-effec...

The thunderstorms are typical mesoscale systems dominated by intense convection. Mesoscale models are essential for the accurate prediction of such high-impact weather events. In the present study, an attempt has been made to compare the simulated results of three thunderstorm events using NMM and ARW model core of WRF system and validated the model results with observations. Both models perfor...

High altitude acclimatization produces a suite of physiological changes that might support an improved athletic performance at low altitude and thus lead to the strategy of athletic training at high altitude. Although there is substantial literature on high altitude physiology in humans, there are few studies on horses. Our interest in the physiological responses to high altitude in equids has ...