Routine serodiagnosis of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections is currently performed using recombinant glycoprotein G (gG) antigens from herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2. This is a single-antigen test and has only one diagnostic application. Relatively little is known about HSV antigenicity at the proteome-wide level, and the full potential of mining the antibody repertoire to identify...

Using a cornea trigeminal ganglion model, we have investigated transcription by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) during latency in mice. Latency was verified 2 months postinoculation by reactivation of HSV-2 after explant cocultivation of trigeminal ganglia from the majority of mice (83%). Transcription during latent HSV-2 infection was limited to the repeat regions of the viral genome as de...

BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) infection enhances the transmission and acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This occurs in symptomatic and asymptomatic stages of HSV-2 infection, suggesting that obvious herpetic lesions are not required to increase HIV spread. An animal model to investigate the underlying causes of the synergistic action of the two viruses and wher...

During lytic herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, the half-lives of host and viral mRNAs are regulated by the HSV virion host shutoff (Vhs) protein (UL41). The sequences of the UL41 polypeptides of HSV type 1 (HSV-1) strain KOS and HSV-2 strain 333 are 87% identical. In spite of this similarity, HSV-2 strains generally shut off the host more rapidly and completely than HSV-1 strains. To exami...

BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) reactivations are associated with increased HIV load, but whether HSV-2 coinfection accelerates HIV disease is unclear. We compared rates of CD4 count decline according to HSV-2 status in untreated HIV-infected adults. METHODS HIV-infected patients with a past period of antiretroviral therapy (ART)-untreated follow-up with initial CD4 count of 40...

Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), the principal cause of genital herpes, infects the majority of human immunodeficien-cy virus type 1 (HIV-1)–infected persons worldwide [1]. HIV-1 is shed at high titers in genital ulcers caused by HSV-2 [2], and genital ulcer disease (GUD) increases the risk of HIV-1 transmission [3]. Asymp-tomatic HSV-2 reactivation (ie, viral shedding in the absence of gen...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of a herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1-specific anti-glycoprotein C-1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) and a type 2-specific anti-glycoprotein G-2 MAb for typing of 2,400 clinical HSV-1 isolates and 2,400 clinical HSV-2 isolates, respectively, using an enzyme immunoassay. The anti-HSV-1 MAb showed sensitivity and specificity of 100%, and the an...

BACKGROUND Mathematical models can be used to predict the emergence and transmission of antiviral resistance. Previously it has been predicted that high usage of antivirals (in immunocompetent populations) to treat Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2) would only lead to fairly low levels of antiviral resistance. The HSV-2 predictions were based upon the assumption that drug-resistant strains of ...

BACKGROUND Prevalence of herpes simplex type 2 virus (HSV-2) is high worldwide. Previous studies in Uganda were rural or in women. We estimated age and sex-specific sero-prevalence of HSV-2 in Kampala, Uganda. METHODS Using two-stage random sampling stratified on population density, a survey of persons 15-65 years was conducted. Type-specific serological tests for HSV-2, HSV-1(HerpeSelect2 an...