More and more women are entering their postmenopausal years, requiring more training of women’s health care professionals and greater research efforts to further uncover the benefits and risks of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). In the Western world, menopause occurs at about 51.4 years, and currently close to 42 million women in the United States are older than 50 years [1]. With a life expe...

CONTEXT Long-term, postmenopausal use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) appears to increase breast cancer risk. Whether the effect of HRT use on risk of breast cancer varies among histological types of invasive carcinoma is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine associations between HRT use and risk of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), invasive carcinoma with favorable histology, and invasive duct...

There have been many articles published regarding the benefits of HRT and BHRT; particularly in breast cancer, prostate cancer, cardiovascular protection, and bone building/osteoarthritis. The purpose of this white paper is to summarize the results of these articles by each disease entity. Please note, however, that most of the articles did not specify HRT or BHRT, but the hormone therapy itsel...

OBJECTIVE This is a parallel, three group, randomized, controlled clinical trial, with outcomes evaluated up to three months after randomization for children and adolescents with chronic nail biting. The current study investigates the efficacy of habit reversal training (HRT) and compares its effect with object manipulation training (OMT) considering the limitations of the current literature. ...

The authors prospectively studied the overall effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on hip fracture risk and the effect modification by behavioral habits and body mass index. A total of 6,159 postmenopausal women from the Copenhagen Center for Prospective Population Studies, Copenhagen, Denmark, with initial examination in 1976-1978 were followed until 1993. During follow-up 363 hip fract...

The relative effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogen alone vs. estrogen+progestin on breast cell proliferation and on breast cancer risk are controversial. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out to examine the proliferative effects of HRT with estrogen or estrogen plus the progestin, medroxyprogesterone acetate, in breast tissue of postmenopausal...

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for dry eye syndrome (DES) is controversial in clinical practice. The goal of this study was to review relevant studies and analyze the pooled data to determine whether HRT is effective for DES. In this study, a literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases up to May 2015 was performed, with the search restricted to English language publications. ...