In order to asses the soroprevalence of HTLV- I/II, HIV, siphylis, and toxoplasmosis infection among pregnant women seen at Basic Health Units in the municipality of Botucatu - São Paulo - Brazil, and risk factors for HTLV- I/II infection, sorologic surveys were carried out and results of sorologic surveys carried in pregnance routine evaluation were assessed. Seroprevalence was 0.1% (1 in 913)...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. The risk of vertical transmission increases if the mother is hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive and more so when she is also hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) positive. Since 2000, the World Health Organization recommends screening of pregnant women for HBV infection. However, this is not cu...

background and objective: opportunistic infections are the leading cause of death among patients subjected to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). the aim of this study was to compare the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus (cmv)  and toxoplasmosis infection in newly diagnosed hiv infected patients with healthy controls and it’s correlat...

BACKGROUND Few studies exist on hospital-based seroprevalence of triple positivity of HIV/HBV/HCV in Nigeria. OBJECTIVES The study aimed at determining the triple positivity of HIV, HBsAg and HCV among HIV-infected individuals in Abeokuta, Nigeria and defining the influence of these triple infections on CD4+ counts of HIV-infected individuals as antiretroviral therapy improves in Nigeria. M...

The first case of HIV in Nigeria was reported in 1986 in a sexually-active 13 years old girl, and soon afterwards, HIV infection was identified among commercial sex workers in Lagos and Enugu. Cases of HIV infection were occasionally reported from various parts of the country and have been growing steadily (1). Now, Nigeria has the largest HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Sahara Africa (2). A syphilis-...

The purposes of this study were to: (1) estimate the prevalence of HIV in sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic populations; (2) assess risk exposure categories associated with HIV seropositivity; (3) monitor trends; and (4) supply data to inform and evaluate HIV prevention programs. Blood specimens were obtained from clients having routine serology at their initial visit for a new disease ...

BACKGROUND Thailand is one of several countries with a continuing generalized HIV epidemic. We evaluated the risk factors for HIV prevalence among 17-29 year old men conscripted by a random process into the Royal Thai Army (RTA) in 8 cohorts from 2005-2009. METHODS A series of case-cohort studies were conducted among the male RTA conscripts who had been tested for HIV seroprevalence after the...

BACKGROUND Data on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection among children in Africa are limited. We evaluated the seroprevalence of both viruses among healthy, HIV-uninfected children and HIV-infected children in the Kilimanjaro region of northern Tanzania. METHODS HBV and HCV markers were assessed using serum and plasma samples f...

BACKGROUND There is a dearth of studies on HHV8-HIV co-infections from Nigeria, even as both infections have been shown to be endemic in Africa. This study examined the seroprevalence and determinants of HHV8 infections in adult Nigerians with and without HIV-infection. METHODS In 2007, a cross sectional study undertaken in a tertiary hospital in Zaria, northern Nigeria enrolled 71 HIV-1 posi...

In a voluntary anonymous HIV and hepatitis C serology screen in a Canadian male medium security federal penitentiary, 68% of 520 prisoners volunteered a blood sample and 99% of those giving a blood sample completed a risk behaviour questionnaire which was linked numerically to the blood sample. Compared to previous screenings for HIV (4 years earlier), and hepatitis C (3 years earlier) in the s...