Forest containing rata (Metrosideros umbellata) and kamahi (Weinmannia racemosa), with scattered trees of silver beech (Nothofagus menziesii), was sampled on Cedar Hill, Owaka Valley, Catlins Ecological Region. Diameter frequency distributions, age estimates, and basal area measurements show single cohort establishment of rata and kamahi, whereas three establishment phases of silver beech are e...

Klaus van Benthem,1 Guolong Tan,2 Roger H. French,2,3 Linda K. DeNoyer,4 Rudolf Podgornik,5,6 and V. Adrian Parsegian6 1Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6031, USA 2Materials Science Department, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut St,. Philadelphia, Pennyslvania 19104, USA 3DuPont Company, Central Research, E356-384, Experimental Station, Wilm...

In this paper, we present a structural and statistical approach for texture classification. It can achieve with a higher accuracy rate comparing to the Spatial Gray Level Dependence (SGLD) method and Laws' method. Our method uses the previously proposed operator, the Surface-Shape operator (SS-operator), for describing topographic structure of texture images. The SS-operator describes shape of ...

This paper presents a novel approach to separate connected digits in handwritten numerals by employing two agents in the process. The first agent decides on candidate cut-point as the closest feature-point to the center of the deepest top-valley, if any. The second agent argues candidate cut-point as the closest feature-point to the center of the highest bottom-hill, if any. Then the actual cut...

The increasing population and economic activities are putting pressure on the available land resources. Human population and their use of land have transformed the terrestrial biosphere into anthropogenic biomes (anthromes). The present study analyses the urban land use/cover change and land transformation in Srinagar city which is located in the valley of the hill state of Jammu and Kashmir. A...

Enforced hill climbing (EHC), a heuristicaa search method, has been frequently used in a number of AI planning systems. This paper presents a new form of EHC, guided enforced hill climbing (GEHC), to enhance EHC efficiency. Main feature in GEHC is an adaptive ordering function. GEHC has shown a significant improvement in EHC efficiency, especially when applied to larger problems.

Large-eddy simulations of the convective boundary layer are compared over hilly versus flat surfaces. Moderate values for the height and horizontal spacing of the hills were selected. Thermallydirect hill-valley circulations are induced by the uneven terrain, accounting for a significant fraction of the resolved energy in the boundary-layer eddies. The probability of upward eddy motion reaches ...

abstract tectonic, plays a key role in the evolution of morphology and can be distinguished with morphotectonic, rivers and structural parameters. an analysis of morphometric parameters illustrates that the development of them is associated with faults activities and rocks resistance. morphotectonic analysis also supplies seismotectonic setting for a region. for appropriate and survey tectonic ...