The main purpose of this study is measuring and comparing of peanut harvesting loss in manual and mechanical methods in addition to economic analysis of them. Hence, a field was selected in Astaneh-Ashrafiyeh and divided to three different plots. Two plots were applied to measure mechanical harvesting loss and third one was applied for manual harvesting loss. According to test results, the lowe...

The Eighth General Increase in the Financial Resources of the IDB contains a call to take advantage of "opportunities to aid in the conservation of biological diversity," but also cautions that forest-dwellers must share in the "benefits of sustainable forest management" (IDB Document AB-1704, 18 July 1994, page 34). One way to reconcile habitat protection and local economic well-being is to pr...

The concept of forest functions evolved in Central Europe as an important tool in the practice of multi-objective forest management. It is based on designating forest function areas that are relatively more important for the selected services. Recent practice has raised a number of concerns regarding the suitability and effectiveness of the concept of forest functions in satisfying increasing s...

Abstract One of timber harvesting purposes is moving wood from the forest to sawmills. Road network planning requires consideration for alternatives. This paper purposed determine decision-making in selection alternative road networks with utility analysis by considering economic, ecological, and social criteria. The indicator used were length road, open area, cost construction, felling, skiddi...

In empirical tests guided by recent theory (e.g., Hughes, Liu and Liu 2007; and Lambert, Leuz and Verrecchia 2012), we examine the joint effects of information asymmetry and information precision on the cost of capital and how these effects vary based on the amount and quality of available information and the level of market competition. Consistent with theory, we find that average information ...

The paper uses both the single rotation and ongoing rotation framework to study the impact of yield tax, lump-sum tax, cash flow tax and tax on interest rate earnings on the privately optimal rotation period when forest value growth is stochastic and forest owners are either risk neutral or risk averse. In the case of risk-neutral forest owner higher yield tax raises the optimal harvesting thre...

12 The profitability of uncontrolled logging can be a significant obstacle to sustainable forest 13 management, especially in the tropics. Rice et al. (1997) have argued that not only does 14 traditional selective logging provide higher returns but also incurs less damage to forests than 15 sustainable forest management systems that involve harvesting of many species and the creation 16 of larg...