BACKGROUND Recent studies show that endemic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection occurs frequently in some developed countries. In the Netherlands in 2013, the routine screening of 35,220 plasma donations for HEV RNA showed 20 donors to be viremic (1:1761), which seems to contradict reports of declining HEV seroprevalence in the recent past. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS To asses HEV infection pressu...

Rapidly spreading infectious diseases are a serious risk to public health. The dynamics and the factors causing outbreaks of these diseases can be better understood using mathematical models, which are fit to data. Here we investigate the dynamics of a Hepatitis E outbreak in the Kitgum region of northern Uganda during 2007 to 2009. First, we use the data to determine that R0 is approximately 2...

NL Biotechnologies is a biotech R&D company that specializes in viral Hepatitis B, C, and E vaccine development. The proprietary recombinant Hepatitis B vaccine technology has been commercialized in 2002 by Instituto Butantan (Brazil) and in 2004 by Probiomed S.A. de C.V. (Mexico). The overall sales exceed 200 million doses. Since 2001, NL Biotechnologies in collaboration with CDC (US, Atlanta)...

Most cases of enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis in India have so far been attributed to hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. Most of the documented studies of hepatitis have focused on the incidence of this disease in northern, western, and south central India. A small seroprevalence study was conducted in the eastern Indian city of Patna to assess the degree of HEV infection among a...

OBJECTIVE To determine fetomaternal outcome in pregnant women with acute hepatitis E in terms of pregnancy outcome and perinatal mortality. STUDY DESIGN Case series. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore, from July 2012 to March 2013. METHODOLOGY Serum samples of 38 patients who presented with jaundice in pregnancy were collect...

NEJMoa0706992 4. Debing Y, Moradpour D, Neyts J, Gouttenoire J. Update on hepatitis E virology: implications for clinical practice. J Hepatol. 2016;65:200–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2016.02.045 5. Woo PC, Lau SK, Teng JL, Tsang AK, Joseph M, Wong EY, et al. New hepatitis E virus genotype in camels, the Middle East. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20:1044–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/ eid2006.1...

BACKGROUND Recent reports suggest an increase in sexually-transmitted hepatitis C infection among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in European cities. We investigated whether current national surveillance systems in England and Wales (E&W) are able to monitor sexual transmission of hepatitis C infection among HIV-infected MSM. METHODS Routine laboratory reports of hepatitis C diag...

We develop mathematical models for the role of hepatitis B e-antigen in creating immunological tolerance during hepatitis B virus infection and propose mechanisms for hepatitis B e-antigen clearance, subsequent emergence of a potent cellular immune response, and the effect of these on liver damage. We investigate the dynamics of virus-immune cells interactions, and derive parameter regimes that...

Hepatitis E has long been thought of as an infection confined to the developing world. However, there has been an increased incidence of locally acquired cases in developed countries especially in transplant patients. Our first case is a 56-year-old Caucasian female post-heart transplant patient who presented with diarrhea and abdominal pain. She was found to be acutely infected with hepatitis ...

This study was undertaken to assess the frequency of development and the stages of evolution of chronic liver disease in patients with renal failure who are chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen. Cirrhosis or chronic active hepatitis developed in five of 21 patients and could not be predicted by the initial histological appearance or by HLA-A and B typing but was associated with the e...