PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the available clinical and biological advances of umbilical cord blood allogeneic stem cell transplantation in pediatric and adult patients. RECENT FINDINGS Recent large international studies suggested that allogeneic umbilical cord blood transplantation may potentially emerge as the frontline stem cell source for pediatric patients with hematopoietic malignancies ...

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide remarkable cellular platforms to better understand human hematopoiesis and to develop clinically applicable hematopoietic cell-based therapies. Over the past decade, hESCs have been used to characterize molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning the differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors and mature, ...

Relative quiescence is a defining characteristic of hematopoietic stem cells, while their progeny have dramatic proliferative ability and inexorably move toward terminal differentiation. The quiescence of stem cells has been conjectured to be of critical biologic importance in protecting the stem cell compartment, which we directly assessed using mice engineered to be deficient in the G1 checkp...

BACKGROUND We previously found in a murine hematopoietic system that hematopoietic stem cells show high differentiation and proliferation capacity on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells/stromal cells (microenvironment) with "self" major histocompatibility complex (MHC). DESIGN AND METHODS We examined whether amnion-derived adherent cells have the characteristics of mesenchymal stem cel...

This review is focused on methods that are used to derive hematopoietic cells from embryonic stem cells (ESCs). One of the strategies that have been recently used to achieve this goal is an approach of mimicking the hematopoietic niche in vitro by using hematopoiesis-supportive feeder cells, cocktails of soluble hematopoietic growth factors and a variety of matrices. While there is clear eviden...

Background—Hematopoiesis originates from the dorsal aorta during embryogenesis. Although adult blood vessels harbor progenitor populations for endothelial and smooth muscle cells, it is not known if they contain hematopoietic progenitor or stem cells. Here, we hypothesized that the arterial wall is a source of hematopoietic progenitor and stem cells in postnatal life. Methods and Results—Single...

Ингибиторы тирозинкиназ: профилактика рецидива после аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток у взрослых пациентов с Ph-позитивным острым лимфобластным лейкозомTyrosine kinase inhibitors: relapse prophylaxis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adults with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the best characterized adult stem cells and the only stem cell type in routine clinical use. The concept of stem cell transplantation laid the foundations for the development of novel cell therapies within, and even outside, the hematopoietic system. Here, we report on the history of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and of HSC isolation, we briefly su...

Normal steady-state hematopoiesis takes place in the bone marrow microenvironment. Soluble factors as well as contact interactions between the hematopoietic cells and the marrow microenvironment dictate the fate of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors. Over the last decade it has become clear that cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions through adhesion receptors play a major r...

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are responsible for the production of mature blood cells in bone marrow; peripheral pancytopenia is a common clinical presentation resulting from several different conditions, including hematological or extra-hematological diseases (mostly cancers) affecting the marrow function, as well as primary failure of hematopoiesis. Primary bone marrow failure syndromes ar...