Cell-mediated immunity is pivotal in host resistance to Blastomyces dermatitidis infection. Immunization of mice with the WI-1 adhesin enhances resistance against experimental pulmonary infection but elicits features of a mixed T-helper-cell immune response. Immune mice acquire delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) but also high titers of WI-1-specific immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG2b, a result...

The developmental program of T helper and regulatory T cell lineage commitment is governed by both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. The principal events, signaling pathways and the lineage determining factors involved have been extensively studied in the past ten years. Recent studies have elucidated the important role of chromatin remodeling and epigenetic changes for proper regulation of ge...

Classical dimensional modeling aims for simple data warehouse designs in order to make the job of the end user and the DBMS easier. This paper describes a different approach aimed at simplifying data extraction, transformation, and loading tasks. Our design approach avoids and isolates changes to source data tables by surrounding them with helper-views. Each helper-view specializes in a single ...

In the absence of infectious subgroup E avian leukosis-sarcoma (ALS) viruses, some chicken embryo cells contain in their cell membrane the envelope glycoprotein of subgroup E viruses (gpE) (Hanafusa et al. 1973). The partial expression of subgroup E virus was first recognized as chick-cell-associated helper factor (chfl, which provided the helper function for the envelope-defective Bryan high-t...

The cellular immune reactions to hapten-protein conjugates (in the generation of hapten-specific primary and secondary humoral responses) display a significant dependence upon carrier recognition (reviewed in reference 1). Experimental models, particularly the adoptive transfer of immunocompetent cells into irradiated hosts (2-5), have established that the cooperative interactions involved requ...

Background: T-helper cells play an essential role in the progression of lymphedema. This study aimed to explore biological significance cell-associated genes (THAGs) a mouse tail model lymphedema by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data.