Closing the energy budget at flux measurement sites is problematic, even when the fetch extends over flat, homogeneous surfaces with low vegetation cover. We used the residual energy balance and ordinary least square (OLS) linear regression methods to quantify spatial variability in soil heat flux contributing to energy balance closure (EBC), by deploying a mobile energy system within the footp...

Wintertime sea surface heat flux variability across the Kuroshio Extension (KE) front is analyzed using two surface flux buoys moored on the northern and the southern sides of the KE front as well as the observation by Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth Observation Satellite (AMSR-E). The combined use of the wind speed and the other AMSR-E products (the sea surface temperature and...

[1] Incoming radiation forcing at the land surface is partitioned among the components of the surface energy balance in varying proportions depending on the time scale of the forcing. Based on a land-atmosphere analytic continuum model, a numerical land surface model, and field observations we show that high-frequency fluctuations in incoming radiation (with period less than 6 h, for example, d...

A one-dimensional numerical model and theoretical analysis involving both surface and in-depth radiative heat flux absorption are utilized to investigate the influence of their combination on ignition of PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrylate). Ignition time, transient temperature in a solid and optimized combination of these two absorption modes of black and clear PMMA are examined to understand the ig...

We propose a novel mechanism to describe E×B flow pattern formation based upon the dynamics of propagation of heat-flux modulations. The E × B flows of interest are staircases, which are quasiregular patterns of strong, localized shear layers and profile corrugations interspersed between regions of avalanching. An analogy of staircase formation to jam formation in traffic flow is used to develo...

Surface heat flux estimation using temperature measurement data from the interior points is known as inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP). Several methods have been developed as solution techniques for IHCP’s including analytical and numerical approaches. Digital filter representation for IHCP solution (Woodbury and Beck, 2013; Beck et al., 1985) is one of the methods which can be used for ne...

Experiments were conducted to investigate flow boiling heat transfer to a dielectric fluid in a silicon chip-integrated microchannel heat sink. Twenty-four microchannels, each 389 m  389 m in crosssection, were fabricated into the 12.7 mm  12.7 mm silicon substrate. High-speed visualizations (at 12,500 frames per second) were performed simultaneously with heat transfer and pressure drop mea...

We analyze the sensitivity of the oceanic thermohaline circulation (THC) regarding perturbations in fresh water flux for a range of coupled oceanic general circulation – atmospheric energy balance models. The energy balance model (EBM) predicts surface air temperature and fresh water flux and contains the feedbacks due to meridional transports of sensible and latent heat. In the coupled system ...

52 years of data (1949-2000) from the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis are used to investigate mechanisms involved in forcing and damping of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) variability in the South Atlantic Ocean. Organized patterns of coupled ocean-atmosphere variability are identified using EOF and SVD analyses. The leading mode of coupled variability consists of an SST pattern with a strong northeast-sout...

A CFD study on heat flux reduction in hypersonic flow with opposing jet has been conducted. Flowfield parameters, reattachment point position, surface pressure distributions and heat flux distributions are obtained and validated with experiments. The physical mechanism of heat reduction has been analyzed. When the opposing jet blows, the freestream is blocked off, flows to the edges and not int...