We consider the social impact of nanotechnology (NT) from the point of view of its military applications and their implications for security and arms control. Several applications are likely to bring dangers – to arms-control treaties, humanitarian law, military stability, or civil society. To avoid such dangers, we propose some approaches to nanotechnology arms control.

For more than two decades, the International Narcotic Control Board (INCB) has tried to stop harm reduction and its HIV prevention programs. This posture is based on a fundamental misunderstanding of their responsibilities and of drug addiction itself--i.e. as a public health and clinical care matter made criminal by decree. A recent focal point for the Board's action has been rejecting the use...

INTRODUCTION There have been momentous events in tobacco control since the first edition of Tobacco Control was launched in 1992. These include increased global awareness of the harmfulness of tobacco and the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC). The WHO FCTC represents the most momentous milestone; it was the first treaty negotiated under the auspices of the WHO and entered i...

We analyze important forces that hamper the formation of successful self-enforcing agreements to mitigate global warming. The analysis combines two modules: a) an integrated assessment model that captures the feedback between the economy, environmental damages and the climate system and b) a game theoretic model that determines stable coalitions in the presence of free-riding incentives. We con...

Watching the waves IMS also has a smaller network of sensors to listen for explosions carried out underwater, just above the ocean surface, or below the ocean bottom. Sound travels very efficiently in water: Kiyoshi Suyehiro of the Institute for Research on Earth Evolution in Kanagawa, Japan, says a 20-kilogram test charge of TNT was detected 16,000 kilometers away. As a result, IMS has just 11...

The ‘Clash of Civilizations’ hypothesis suggested that global politics would revert to inter-civilizational (inter-religious) conflict with the end Cold War. Conceptual and empirical refutations followed, but idea pre-Cold War inter-polity interaction was generally characterized by such not addressed. We consider this a possible historical libel. First, we briefly review position major faith tr...

The interpretation of treaties is a complicated and problematic question at times. It vital to interpret the law accurately in order ascertain correct meaning treaty provisions terms provide precise application. Consequently, rules play significant role purpose finding distinct which critical for both implementation stage mending any disputes afterwards. aim included 1969 Vienna Convention on L...

This paper argues that the willingness of countries or states to sign onto international treaties regarding nuclear non-proliferation and honor their former commitments is largely determined by their economic and security conditions that can be expressed by a few key parameters and whose interactions can be analyzed using game theory.

Making a commitment to respect the rights of children has profound implications for the status of children in our society. Nowhere is this more evident than in the field of health care where the decisions and actions of professionals impact on children’s lives in profound, intimate, and powerful ways. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child which was ratified by the UK Government in 1991 p...

The processes of contemporary globalisation are creating ever-closer ties between individuals and populations across different countries. The health of a population, and the systems in place to deliver health care, are affected increasingly by factors beyond the population and health system. The Lancet's Series on trade and health has provided an overview of these links between international tr...