BACKGROUND Catch-up saccades during passive head movements, which compensate for a deficient vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), are a well-known phenomenon. These quick eye movements are directed toward the target in the opposite direction of the head movement. Recently, quick eye movements in the direction of the head movement (covert anti-compensatory quick eye movements, CAQEM) were observed in ...

Coordinated movements of the eye, head, and body are used to redirect the axis of gaze between objects of interest. However, previous studies of eye-head gaze shifts in head-unrestrained primates generally assumed the contribution of body movement to be negligible. Here we characterized eye-head-body coordination during horizontal gaze shifts made by trained rhesus monkeys to visual targets whi...

Eye and head movements are coordinated during head-free pursuit. To examine whether pursuit neurons in frontal eye fields (FEF) carry gaze-pursuit commands that drive both eye-pursuit and head-pursuit, monkeys whose heads were free to rotate about a vertical axis were trained to pursue a juice feeder with their head and a target with their eyes. Initially the feeder and target moved synchronous...

In [1] we discussed functions of head movements and gaze. In this paper, we will go into more depth in the classification of various head movements: how they are distinguished in both formal and functional terms. We look at the distribution of a selection of primitive head movements and their related meanings and the way they are composed out of smaller units. This catalogue is not intended to ...

Stereotyped repetitive movements are defined in ICD-9 as "disorders in which voluntary repetitive stereotyped movements which are not due to any psychiatric or neurological condition-constitute the main feature. Includes head banging, spasmus nutans, rocking, twirling, finger-flicking mannerisms and eyepoking. Such movements are particularly common in cases of mental retardation with sensory im...

In this review, studies of the role of head movements in generating motion parallax which is used in depth perception are examined. The methods used and definitiveness of the results vary with the animal groups studied. In the case of insects, studies which quantify motor outputs have provided clear evidence that motion parallax evoked by head movements is used for distance estimation and depth...

A recent hierarchical model of numerical processing, initiated by Fischer and Brugger (2011) and Fischer (2012), suggested that situated factors, such as different body postures and body movements, can influence the magnitude representation and bias numerical processing. Indeed, Loetscher et al. (2008) found that participants' behavior in a random number generation task was biased by head rotat...

An important prerequisite for effective motor action is the discrimination between active and passive body movements. Passive movements often require immediate reflexes, whereas active movements may demand suppression of the latter. The vestibular system maintains correct body and head posture in space through reflexes. Since vestibular inputs have been reported to be largely suppressed in the ...

1. The superior colliculus has been studied in alert cats which were restrained and whose head and eye movements were monitored.2. Microstimulation within the rostral part of the colliculus, which represents the central 25 deg of the visual field, evokes saccadic eye movements that carry the area centralis to that region of visual space previously occupied by the receptive fields of the cells t...

The size and direction of orienting movements are represented systematically as a motor map in the optic tectum of the barn owl (du Lac and Knudsen, 1990). The optic tectum projects to several distinct regions in the medial brainstem tegmentum, which in turn project to the spinal cord (Masino and Knudsen, 1992). This study explores the hypothesis that a fundamental transformation in the neural ...