OBJECTIVE I(f), encoded by the hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-modulated (HCN) channel gene family, modulates cardiac pacing. During cardiac pacing, changes in membrane potential are rapid, preventing the very slow HCN channels from reaching equilibrium. Here, we examined the properties of HCN channels under non-equilibrium conditions to shed insight into how different HCN isofor...

Hyperpolarization-activated HCN pacemaker channels are critical for the generation of spontaneous activity and the regulation of excitability in the heart and in many types of neurons. These channels produce both a voltage-dependent current (I(h)) and a voltage-independent current (I(inst) or VIC). In this study, we explored the molecular basis of the voltage-independent current. We found that ...

AIMS Although dysfunction of arterial baroreflex occurs in human and animal models of type-1 diabetes (T1D), the mechanisms involved in the impairment of the baroreflex still remain unclear. The nodose ganglion (NG) contains the cell bodies of the aortic baroreceptor (AB) neurons. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are expressed in AB neurons and play an importan...

Singlet oxygen ((1)O2), which is generated through metabolic reactions and oxidizes numerous biological molecules, has been a useful tool in basic research and clinical practice. However, its role as a signaling factor, as well as a mechanistic understanding of the oxidation process, remains poorly understood. Here, we show that hyperpolarization-activated, cAMP-gated (HCN) channels--which cond...

Overactivation of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels is involved in diabetes-depressed excitability of aortic baroreceptor neurons in nodose ganglia. This involvement links to the autonomic dysfunction associated with high morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. The present study examined the effects of an angiotensin II type I receptor (AT(1)R) antagonist ...

Hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) ion channels are important for rhythmic activity in the brain and in the heart. In this study, using ionic and gating current measurements, we show that cloned spHCN channels undergo a hysteresis in their voltage dependence during normal gating. For example, both the gating charge versus voltage curve, Q(V), and the conductance versus v...

Dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at redshift z$\geq$1 are among the most vigorously in Universe. However, their dense ($\geq$10$^5$ cm$^{-3}$ ) gas phase - typically traced by HCN(1-0) remains almost entirely unexplored: only two DSFGs have been detected to date. We present results of a JVLA survey J=1-0 transition HCN, HCO+, and HNC(1-0) six strongly lensed z = 2.5 3.3, effectively doubling...

ion channels play a major role in the regulation of t cell function in health and disease. in a computer-based model, established to simulate t cells’ membrane potential (vm) generation, we discovered a discrepancy between the simulation and patch-clamp recordings. the predicted vm was more hyperpolarized than the measured vm, indicating that a yet unknown, depolarizing ion current might contri...

The hydrocyanic acid potential (HCN-p) of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] plants is recognized as a heritable trait, but previous tudies on the mode of inheritance of HCN-p have produced inconsistent results. The objective of this study was to investigate the inheritance patterns of seedling HCN-p and also of seed weight in reciprocal crosses of sorghum and sudangrass [formerly S. sudanen...