More than 240 million people worldwide are infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and are at risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Reducing this pool of infected people is a necessity since despite an effective prophylactic vaccine, about 2% of the vaccinated individuals in high endemic areas still develop chronic HBV infection (CHB). A battery of antiviral drugs...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to be a worldwide public health concern. There are more than 240 million people with chronic infection across the globe and 780 000 deaths each year as a result of acute or chronic HBV. Infants born to mothers with chronic HBV infection are at very high risk of acquiring the virus and progressing to chronic infection. In the 1970s–1980s, HBV vaccine and high-ti...

Approximately 5-10% of individuals, who are vaccinated with a hepatitis B (HB) vaccine designed based on the HBV genotype C, fail to acquire protective levels of antibodies. Here, host genetic factors behind low immune response to this HB vaccine were investigated by a genome wide association study (GWAS) and HLA association tests. A GWAS and HLA association tests were carried out using a total...

conclusions dental academics were unsure about the means of infection and prevention against hbv. many of them had not completed the immunization scheme and did not have the test of seroconversion. the serological analysis revealed unprotection, even after students completed the vaccination schedule. results of the 179 students surveyed, 58.1% knew about the degree of virulence of the hepatitis...

BACKGROUND Vaccinating infants against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most effective way of preventing the disease. However, since HBV exposure can increase during adolescence, it is essential that antibody persistence is maintained. We evaluated the antibody persistence and immune memory against hepatitis B, in 12-13 y olds who had received complete primary + booster vaccination with diphtheri...

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination schedule in Libya follows international recommendations (1st dose at birth, 2nd after 1 month and 3rd after 6 months). This research aimed to evaluate the long-term protection of the HBV immunization programme in Tripoli and to determine the best age to administer booster doses. Serum levels of hepatitis B surface antigen were determined in 277 randomly s...

HBV vaccine was introduced into the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in Senegal and Cameroon in 2005. We conducted a cross-sectional study in both countries to assess the HBV immune protection among children. All consecutive children under 4 years old, hospitalized for any reason between May 2009 and May 2010, with an immunisation card and a complete HBV vaccination, were tested for ant...

Mass immunization of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine in adults is frequently demanded. However the high cost of conventional immunization is an obstacle to the provision of this vaccine. We investigated the serological response and adverse reactions following administration of a low-dose (1 or 2 micrograms of yeast-derived HBV vaccine (HB-VAX II, Merck, Sharp and Dohme) intradermally in young a...

Hepatitis B is a major public health problem. Approximately one-third of the world’s population has serological evidence of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). 350 million of these are carriers who have chronic HBV infection, and about a million of these carriers die each year from chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis and liver cancer. Fortunately, HBV is a vaccine preventable disease...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Elimination of HIV and syphilis mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) has received much attention but little consideration has been given to the possibility of elimination of HBV MTCT. In sub-Saharan Africa, HBV vertical transmission continues to be reported and it remains an important public health problem. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of screening pregnant women ...