The cognitive sensor (CS) can transmit data to the control center in the same spectrum that is licensed to the primary user (PU) when the absence of the PU is detected by spectrum sensing. However, the battery energy of the CS is limited due to its small size, deployment in atrocious environments and long-term working. In this paper, an energy-harvesting-based CS is described, which senses the ...

We test for the existence of a Poverty Nutrition Trap (PNT) in the case of calories and four important micronutrients — carotene, iron, riboflavin, and thiaminefor three categories of wages: sowing, harvesting, and other for male and female workers separately. We use household level national data for rural India for the period January to June 1994 and robust sample selection procedures due to H...

Due to the increase of production costs in manual harvesting, strategies must be developed in order to overcome these effects, such as the attempts in implementing agricultural machines in harvest activities, whether being totally or partially mechanized. This study brings a qualitative and quantitative comparison on the impacts in work conditions and productivity in Brazilian orchards caused b...

Manual harvesting has predominated in the South African sugar industry since 1948, when sugarcane was first cropped at Compensation on the north coast of KwaZulu-Natal. However, as successive generations of labour have attained higher levels of education and their living standards have improved, employment aspirations have risen above the strenous but monotonous hand cutting of sugarcane, and t...

In this study, an experimental approach is established to assess the performance of different beams coupled to a Voice Coil Motor (VCM) with the aim to maximize mechanically the energy harvesting in the inductive transducer that is included on it. The VCM is extracted from a recycled hard disk drive (HDD) and it is adapted for carrying out experimental tests of energy harvesting. Two individual...

AIM An ageing population and increase in patient co-morbidities are forcing cardiac surgeons to meticulously consider the benefits and risks of respective conduits and their harvesting techniques. CASE REPORTS Two cases of simultaneous endoscopic radial artery and great saphenous vein harvesting, for redo coronary artery bypass grafting, are presented. A shortage of venous conduits after prev...

Energy consumption is one of the primary concerns in the deployment of futuristic wireless sensor networks. On one hand due to advent of technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), there has been tremendous growth in development of wireless sensor nodes, however, on the other hand these nodes are energy constrained, hence have limited lifetime. Energy harvesting from radio frequency (RF) sig...

A number of studies have recently shown an association between particle concentrations in outdoor air and daily mortality counts in urban locations. In the public health interpretation of this evidence, a key issue is whether the increased mortality associated with higher pollution levels is restricted to very frail persons for whom life expectancy is short in the absence of pollution. This pos...

Piezoelectric vibration based energy harvesting systems have been widely utilized and researched as powering modules for various types of sensor systems due to their ease of integration and relatively high energy density compared to RF, thermal, and electrostatic based energy harvesting systems. In this paper, a low-power CMOS full-bridge rectifier is presented as a potential solution for an ef...

The traditional management of stormwater with a singular focus on flood protection has resulted in the degradation of receiving waters. The health of urban streams is degraded by a suite of stressors, notably, the frequent disturbance due to stormwater runoff. We investigate the catchment scale implications of allotment scale rainwater harvesting, in terms of potential simultaneous benefits for...