Intrinsic Physical Unclonable Functions or PUFs have been introduced as a highly secure method to extract digital identifiers and keys from integrated circuits. In the setting of reconfigurable devices, like FPGAs, they can be used to protect the IP contained in the design in a cost-effective and tamper-evident way. In this work, a new type of PUF construction for reconfigurable devices is intr...

The fuzzy flip-flop based multilayer perceptron, named Fuzzy Neural Network, FNN is proposed for function approximation. In recent years much effort has been made for the development of a special kind of bacterial memetic algorithm for optimization and training of the fuzzy neural network parameters. In this approach the FNN parameters have been encoded in a chromosome and participate in the ba...

Equivalence checking tools often use a flip-flop matching step to avoid the state space traversal. Due to sequential optimizations performed during synthesis (merge, replication, redundancy removal, . . . ) and don’t care conditions, the matching step can be very complex as well as incomplete. If the matching is incomplete, even the use of a fast and efficient SAT solver during the combinationa...

of BDDbased 32-bit CRC encoder and decoder using LFSR methodology, with low power and less area. Generally 32-bit CRC is used in Ethernet frame for fault recognition at the transmitted data. The functional required for LFSR implementation is shift registers, flip flop which works for high frequency and yields less delay and consumes less power, the TSPC flip flop which is suitable for high spee...

Most biological membranes possess an asymmetric transbilayer distribution of phospholipids. Endogenous enzymes expend energy to maintain the arrangement by promoting the rate of phospholipid translocation, or flip-flop. Researchers have discovered ways to modify this distribution through the use of chemicals. This review presents a critical analysis of the phospholipid asymmetry data in the lit...

The two-gate bistable flip-flop may be generalised to a coupled structure of many gates having more stable states. These multi-flop structures have applications as arbiters to control mutually-exclusive access by several concurrent processes to a single service or resource. The paper illustrates some aspects of their complex dynamic behaviour.

Most important challenge in modern VLSI design along with area and speed is the power consumption. Flip flop is the basic element in digital system which plays very important role. In this paper, a low power pulse triggered flip flop with feed through technique is proposed. The proposed design introduces a series pass transistor which helps in reducing discharging path. By performing post layou...

A new dual dynamic node hybrid flip-flop (DDFF) and a novel embedded logic module (DDFF-ELM) based on DDFF are introducing in this paper. The proposed designs eliminate the large capacitance present in the pre-charge node of several state-of-the-art designs by following a split dynamic node structure to separately drive the output pull-up and pulldown transistors. The aim of the DDFF-ELM is to ...

This paper describes a novel frequency-to-digital conversion technique based on the D flip-flop frequency deltasigma concept. It is shown that given some frequency constraints, there is no need for using a sampling frequency twice the maximum FM frequency. For narrow-band FM demodulation, it is further shown that by sampling the clock signal width the FM signal, the digital resolution is more e...

In many active stars the spots concentrate on two permanent active longitudes which are 180◦ apart. In some of these stars the dominant part of the spot activity changes the longitude every few years. This so-called flip-flop phenomenon has up to now been reported in 11 stars, both single and binary alike, and including also the Sun. To explain this phenomenon, a non-axisymmetric dynamo mode, g...