INTRODUCTION The references used to assess child growth in Spain are the graphs of the Orbegozo Foundation and the charts of the World Health Organization (WHO). The objective of this study is to analyze the differences between the two charts for weight, height and body mass index, and assess their relevance to identify growth or nutritional problems. MATERIAL AND METHODS The values of the ex...

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is an important member of the neurotrophin family and its alteration has been associated with psychiatric disorders. Functionality consists of the activities that an individual can perform, as well as their social participation, which is an important factor in analyzing the carrier living conditions of subjects with psychiatric suffering. Several studies have evaluated...

Growth hormone (GH) secretion from anterior pituitary is regulated by the hypothalamus and the mediators of GH actions. Major regulatory factors include GH releasing hormone (GHRH), somatostatin (SRIF), GH releasing peptide (ghrerin) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I). The principal physiological regulation mechanisms of GH secretion are neural endogenous rhythm, sleep, stress, exercise, an...

Although a height >2SD below the mean for age and gender is used to define short stature, evaluation of short children based on this criteria yields organic etiology only in 14 % of these children. However, when a height SD <−3 is considered for the evaluation of short stature, the proportion of children with organic causes increases to 58 %. Nevertheless, children with height between −2SD and ...

Virilization is most often the reflection of a serious underlying condition. Diagnosis and management should be prompt, thorough, and comprehensive. Hirsutism is the manifestation of a variety of disorders. It may be associated with serious acute medical conditions, chronic disorders, or idiopathic. The diagnosis should be methodical and adjusted to the nature of the clinical presentation. Seve...

The maternal hormonal and metabolic milieu adapt in normal pregnancy to provide the developing fetus with an optimal nutrient supply that is delivered via placenta. This supply, however, disturbed all types of diabetes obesity, resulting greater mixed fetus. Our research suggests placenta limited preventing excess glucose transfer In fact, once becomes hyperinsulinaemic early phases macrosomia,...

Result Chief complain of all these patients to see doctors were abnormal external genitalia. I53 DSD patients include social sex 128 male and 25 female from 42 days to16y10m (4.59±4.25y). There were 121 (90.3%) 46XYDSD. 39 cases (32.2%) were diagnosed as hypospadias combined with micropenis, 19(15.7%) were micropenis with testis abnormality and 18 cases(14.9%) were simple micropenis. 13(10.7%) ...

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 is a member of the endocrine FGF subfamily. FGF21 expression is induced under different disease conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, chronic kidney diseases, and cardiovascular diseases, and it has a broad spectrum of functions in regulating various metabolic parameters. Many different approaches have been pursued targeting FGF21 and its receptors to d...

Growth is impaired in a chronic renal failure. Anemia, acidosis, reduced intake of calories and protein, decreased synthesis of vitamin D and increased parathyroid hormone levels, hyperphosphatemia, renal osteodystrophy and changes in growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor and the gonadotropin-gonadal axis are implicated in this study. Growth is adversely affected by immunosuppressives and c...