The dynamics of wave propagation in media with negative index of refraction is analyzed through analytical calculations, simulations, and experiments. Using a free space setup, the transmission characteristics of two split ring resonator and strip wire left-handed media (LHM), designed for operation at K -band frequencies (18-26 GHz), are measured. The first LHM, which is 3 unit cells long in t...

Background: Developmental and behavioral disorders are the most prevalent problems in children after infection and trauma. Growth and development are influenced by genetic, social and environmental factors that incept of the early life of the fetal and neonatal periods. Due to the importance of the development in children, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between growth in...

Delay locked loops are an attractive alternative to VCO based phase locked loops due to their simpler design and inherent stability [1]-[3]. The primary disadvantage of conventional DLLs is their limited phase range, which limits their application to mesochronous environments. This dual DLL architecture combines several techniques to achieve unlimited phase shift, low jitter and large operating...

Designing a non-ideal delay line (DL) with phase distortion in a transmitted-reference ultra-wideband system (TR-UWB) with an autocorrelation receiver (AcR) is a great technical challenge. Differing from the currently empirical design method of DL, in this paper a semi-analytic approach is proposed through Gaussian approximation of the expression for conditional bit error rate (BER), based on i...

This study tested the relationship between prelinguistic vocalization and expressive vocabulary 1 year later in young children with mild to moderate developmental delays. Three vocalization variables were tested: rate of all vocalization, rate of vocalizations with consonants, and rate of vocalizations used interactively. The 58 toddlers in the study were 17-34 months old, not sensory impaired,...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To examine the unique impact of financial difficulties as measured by a lack of money for basic needs on the occurrence of health problems between the ages of 17 and 29 months, controlling for mother's level of education and neonatal health problems. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Analyses were performed on the 29 month data of the Quebec longitudinal study of child development. Thi...

The technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK) framework has been regarded as potentially effective in helping teachers integrate technology into the classroom. This study explores the instructional strategies of teachers when developing TPACK. A teacher professional development (TPD) program, in which teaching activities and deep discussions were key processes, was conducted. In...

Group delay fringe tracking using spectrally-dispersed fringes is suitable for stabilising the optical path difference in ground-based astronomical optical interferometers in low light situations. We discuss the performance of group delay tracking algorithms when the effects of atmospheric dispersion, high-frequency atmospheric temporal phase variations, non-ideal path modulation, non-ideal spe...

This paper presents an approach based on the properties of group delay functions for extracting formants from speech signals. The algorithm is similar to the cepstral smoothing approach for formant extraction using homomorphic deconvolution. The significant differences are (i) the logarithmic operation is replaced by ()' operation and (ii) the additive and high resolution properties of group de...