Passive remote sensing (RS) of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) of vegetation is feasible at ground level, airborne level and space borne level with certain prototypes. Fraunhofer Line Discrimination (FLD) and its improved methods have been widely used to extract SIF. Unlike processing at ground level, these methods do not work so well since it is not easy to obtain the solar incide...

In order to study the source limitation and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to grain in dual-purpose (forage and grain) barley, a field experiment was carried out in Iran, Ahvaz region. The experimental design was split plot in randomized complete block with three replications. Application rates of nitrogen at four levels (60, 120, 180 and 220 kg.ha-1 N) were as main plots, while sub p...

Air pollution is a challenging issue in some of the large cities in developing countries. Air quality monitoring and interpretation of data are two important factors for air quality management in urban areas. Several methods exist to analyze air quality. Among them, we applied the dynamic neural network (TDNN) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) methods to predict the concentrations of ground-level...

Arthropods with their extraordinary locomotive capabilities have inspired roboticists, giving rise to major accomplishments in robotics research over the past decade. Most notably bio-inspired hexapod robots using only task level open-loop controllers [22, 9] exhibit stable dynamic locomotion over highly broken and unstable terrain. We present experimental data on the dynamics of SprawlHex — a ...

This paper presents an overview of the changes in ground-level ozone and vegetation exposure occurring in Finland, both as observed in the recent decade, and as estimated for the period 1900 to 2100. A trend analysis of ozone and total nitrate concentrations is carried out for the 1989–2001 period. Future and past concentrations are modelled based on chemistry-transport model simulations, the S...

Improvements in sensor technology and modeling capabilities have resulted in a trend towards generating large-scale VR models of urban scenes, for use in geospatial applications. Selecting the appropriate imagery to generate VR models from a large collection of available ground-level photos is currently performed through visual inspection. In this paper we introduce well-defined metrics to supp...

To develop sound air quality plans, regional authorities should have instruments that link the complex behaviour of pollutants both in time and space with costs of emission reduction. The problem is particularly important for ground level ozone which forms kilometres away, hours later from the emission of its precursors. To approach this problem, a method (1) to identify local pollutant-precurs...

Abandoned agricultural fields have recently become more abundant in the U.S. and remain susceptible to species invasions after cultivation disturbance. As invasive species become more widespread with increases in anthropogenic activities, we need more effective ways to use limited resources for conservation of native ecosystems. Remote sensing can help us monitor the spread and effects of invas...

Introduction This supplement introduces the African Health Initiative (AHI), a research program comprised of five unique district health system-strengthening activities in Ghana, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Zambia that began in 2009 (Figure 1). This supplement should be of interest to all engaged in improving delivery of district primary health care — whether ministries of health, service...

The current knowledge regarding the effect of global climate change on rice-paddy methane (CH4) emissions is incomplete, partly because information is limited concerning the mechanism of the microbial response to elevated ground-level ozone (O3). A field experiment was conducted in the China Ozone Free-Air Concentration Enrichment facility in a rice-wheat rotation system to investigate the resp...